Cat inbreeding: amfanin da illolin

M, ka ce. Wannan fasiqanci ne kuma bai dace ba. Amma a gaskiya, komai ba haka yake ba. Baya ga matsalolin da ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta na zuri'a da zuri'a, suma mutane sun takura da ka'idojin zamantakewa, yayin da dabbobi kawai ba su da su.

Ba za a iya cewa shuka ya shahara kuma ya yadu a tsakanin masu shayarwa ba, amma, a gaba ɗaya, ba za a iya musun cewa godiya ta tabbata cewa kusan dukkanin nau'o'in zamani na kuliyoyi da karnuka sun kasance.

To menene inbreeding?

Inabi - inbreeding don ƙarfafa wasu halayen da ake so a cikin zuriya: misali, tsawon gashi, launi ko siffar kunnuwa.

Ana yin kiwo ta hanyoyi uku. Na farko - ƙetare, wato, ketare kwata-kwata na daidaikun mutane waɗanda ba su da alaƙa. Na biyu kuma shine zurfafa zuri'a, wato hayewar dangin da ba na kusa ba wadanda suke da kakanni daya kawai a cikin zuriya ta uku ko ta hudu. Kuma na uku - kawai inbreeding, wanda shine abin da muke magana akai.

Babu wani abu na lalata a irin wannan ƙetare a duniyar dabbobi. Cats ba a ɗaure su da ƙuntatawa na zamantakewa, amma ana jagorantar su ta hanyar ilhami. Saboda haka, inbreeding yana ba ka damar gyara a cikin zuriyar wasu halaye da ke cikin iyaye - wanda zai iya cewa, kyaututtuka na kakanni.

Idan a kimiyance, to komai an bayyana shi a saukake. Kowace halitta tana da nau'ikan nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta - daga uba da uwa. Tare da ketare mai alaƙa, saitin chromosomes da zuriyar suka samu sun yi daidai da ƙari, kusancin dangi yayin jima'i. Ta wannan hanyar, ana iya daidaita wasu halaye a cikin nau'in. Haka kuma, inbreeding yana haifar da bayyanar a cikin zuriyar mutane iri ɗaya (yayin da ba tagwaye ba), wanda ke ba da damar jigilar genotype da aka samu tare da sakamako mai haske.

Kuma menene hatsarin?

Idan ka'idodin kyawawan kuliyoyi ba su da kunya, to me yasa masu shayarwa suke ƙoƙari su juya zuwa inbreeding, bari mu ce, a cikin "matsananciyar yanayi"? Komai mai sauki ne. Kwayoyin halitta iri ɗaya suna ba da damar samun halayen da ake so, amma a lokaci guda, irin waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin chromosomes suna kaiwa a wasu lokuta zuwa bayyanar ɗiya marasa lahani ko maras kyau.

Inbreeding ba shi da goyan bayan ilhami a yanayi. Na farko, yawan nau'o'in kwayoyin halitta daban-daban da kwayoyin halitta ke ɗauka, haɓaka ƙarfinsa ga kowane canje-canje. Kamancen nau'in genotype yana sa mutum ya gaza dacewa da abubuwa masu barazana daban-daban (misali, cututtuka na gado). Kuma wannan ya saba wa ka'idojin zabin yanayi, wato, sabanin yanayi. Na biyu (kuma wannan shine babban hatsarin haihuwa), kowace halitta tana dauke da kwayoyin halitta masu kyau da marasa kyau. Ƙarfafa na farko saboda haɓakawa, na ƙarshe yana haɓaka kai tsaye, wanda ke haifar da maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta da cututtuka, bayyanar da ba zato ba tsammani, har ma da haihuwa. Wato, a sauƙaƙe, ta hanyar ƙetare dangi, yana yiwuwa a gyara a cikin nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in dabi'un da suka dace, da cututtuka na gado da sauran matsaloli. Wannan shi ake kira inbreeding depression.

Me yasa ake amfani da inbreeding?

Ga duk haɗarinsa, ƙirƙira a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci yana ba ku damar samun zuriya masu ƙayyadaddun halaye da ake buƙata. Hanya mafi sauri ita ce ka haye ɗan'uwa da 'yar'uwa ('yan'uwa), uba da 'ya, ko uwa mai ɗa. 16-ninka kusa inbreeding yana ba ka damar cimma kashi 98% na kwayoyin halitta iri ɗaya a cikin zuriya. Wato samun kusan daidaikun mutane, alhali ba tagwaye ba.

Masu shayarwa, bayan sun yanke shawarar bin hanyar inbreeding, ba sa neman samun yuwuwar duk zuriya. Kittens waɗanda ba su dace da kowane dalili ba ana cushe (wani lokaci har zuwa 80%), kuma mafi kyawun mafi kyawun kawai ya rage. Bugu da ƙari, gogaggen makiyayi zai tafi don lalata na feline kawai idan yana da cikakken bayani ba kawai game da wajibi ba, amma har ma game da yiwuwar cutarwa.

Tare da amfani mai kyau, inbreeding zai ba ka damar samun, a gefe guda, daidaitattun kwayoyin halitta, kuma a daya bangaren, don kusan kawar da cutarwa gaba daya.

Amma kada mu manta cewa kuliyoyi suna da saurin kamuwa da haɓaka. Wannan yana nufin cewa ba kawai kyawawan dabi'u tare da manyan kwayoyin halitta ba, amma har ma da lahani masu mahimmanci saboda masu raguwa na iya bazuwa cikin sauri cikin nau'in. Kuma wannan, bayan ƴan al'ummomi, na iya haifar da ƙarewar dukan layin kiwo. Wannan hadarin shine babban lokacin da masu shayarwa ke amfani da inbreeding.

Hotuna: collection

Afrilu 19 2019

An sabunta: 14 Mayu 2022

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