Enteritis a cikin karnuka - bayyanar cututtuka da magani

Enteritis a cikin karnuka - menene?

Wataƙila kun ji kalmar “enteritis” amma wataƙila ba ku san menene shi ba da kuma yadda zai iya shafar abokin ku mai ƙafa huɗu.

Enteritis wani kumburi ne na mucosa na ƙananan hanji, wanda aka kwatanta da mummunan hanya kuma yawanci yana tare da guba mai tsanani na jiki, zawo.

Akwai dalilai da yawa da zasu iya haifar da kumburin ƙananan hanji a cikin kare. Sau da yawa sun hada da: inji (blockages - hana hanji tare da feces, kasusuwa, da dai sauransu), parasitic (helminths, giardia), kwayan cuta (shigella, salmonella, clostridia, staphylococcus, E. coli), viral (parvo-, corona-, rotovirus). enteritis), magani (tasirin kwayoyi). Hanyar cutar na iya zama m ko na kullum. Mummunan cuta na faruwa ba zato ba tsammani, da sauri, kuma sau da yawa ƙwararrun likitocin dabbobi ba su da lokacin ceton dabbobi saboda gaskiyar cewa wasu daga cikinsu sun mutu a cikin 'yan sa'o'i bayan kamuwa da cuta.

Mafi haɗari kuma na kowa dalilin lalacewar hanji a cikin karnuka shine kamuwa da cutar enterovirus. An yi imanin cewa nau'ikan irin su Dobermans, Labradors, Spaniels, Rottweilers, Terriers, Makiyaya na Jamus sun fi kamuwa da irin wannan cutar.

Parvovirus enteritis

An dauke shi a matsayin mafi hatsari nau'in kamuwa da cuta a cikin karnuka. Wannan cuta tana da yanayin yanayi mai saurin yaduwa, mai saurin yaduwa, a ko'ina, yana shafar ƙonawa har zuwa watanni 6 (akwai lokuta na faruwa har zuwa shekaru 1,5). Yana tare da amai, gudawa na jini tare da takamaiman warin tayi, rashin ruwa. Cutar tana faruwa ne ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta na genus parvovirus. Shi ne mafi yawan kamuwa da cututtuka na mutuwa a cikin karnuka.

Cutar cututtuka na enteritis

Ana ɗaukar Coronavirus a matsayin na biyu mafi ƙarancin haɗari mai haifar da cutar sankarau. Coronavirus enteritis ana ɗaukarsa da sauri kuma yana da alaƙa da kumburin hanji, bushewa da gajiyar jiki. Idan muka kwatanta nau'in cutar coronavirus da parvovirus, to na farko ya fi rauni, amma ba ya cutar da jiki.

Karnuka na kowane nau'i da shekaru suna da saukin kamuwa, duk da haka, an lura cewa ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun yara har zuwa watanni 5 sun fi kamuwa da cutar.

Rotavirus enteritis

Cutar da ba ta da haɗari a tsakanin enteritis da ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifar da ita. Yana da wuya mai mutuwa, amma yana da yawa kuma yana yaduwa sosai. Sau da yawa nau'i ne na ciwon hanji. A cikin aikin likitan dabbobi da na likitanci, cututtukan da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta na dangin rotavirus galibi ana kiran su "hanji", "mura ciki". Ƙwararrun ƙanƙara masu rauni suna da rauni, tare da tsarin rigakafi marasa tsari, karnuka da aka ajiye a cikin yanayi mara kyau, da kuma nau'in kayan ado. Cutar tana da haɗari musamman ga ƴan kwikwiyo daga watanni biyu zuwa huɗu, amma a cikin karnuka manya, rotovirus enteritis ba shi da yawa.

Ta yaya ake kamuwa da cutar enteritis a cikin karnuka?

Warewar kwayar cutar tana faruwa ne a cikin najasa, kuma tunda ta tabbata a cikin muhalli, zai kasance daya daga cikin tushen cutar. Cutar ba kasafai ake yada cutar kai tsaye daga kare mara lafiya zuwa mai lafiya ba. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana lura da hanyoyi guda biyu na watsa cutar:

• Transplacental - daga uwa zuwa tayin, ta cikin mahaifa.

• Tuntuɓi - cin abinci, najasa da ke kamuwa da ƙwayar cuta, shigar da takalma, tufafin mai shi, waɗanda ke hulɗa da dabba marar lafiya.

Idan an dauki sabon dabbar gida zuwa gidan da canine enteritis na yanayin kamuwa da cuta a baya ya ci karo da shi, an yi imanin cewa duk abubuwan da suka yi hulɗa da ɓoye (najasa) na mara lafiya dole ne a lalata su.

Alamomin enteritis a cikin karnuka

Alamun cutar za su dogara ne akan abin da ya haifar da enteritis. Za mu tattauna tare da ku alamun cutar sankara da ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifar da su.

Kusan kashi 10% na wadanda suka kamu da cutar parvovirus kamuwa da cuta karnuka sun yi rashin lafiya kuma za su sami alamu. Ana siffanta su da: zazzaɓi, amai da gudawa marar karewa (mai yawa - wato rafi da ke fitarwa), waɗanda ke da ƙamshi na musamman. A cikin najasa, ana iya ganin barbashi na nama na hanji. Mutuwa sau da yawa tana faruwa sa'o'i 72 bayan bayyanar cutar, galibi a rana ta biyu da ta huɗu na cutar. Damar farfadowa ya fi girma idan dabbar tana da rai a rana ta biyar na rashin lafiya. Mafi sau da yawa, cutar tana ɗaukar kimanin makonni 1-3.

Lokacin da mai shi na dabba ya lura da canje-canje a cikin hali, yanayin dabbar, wannan ya riga ya zama dalilin tuntuɓar ƙwararren likitan dabbobi.

enteritis lalacewa ta hanyar kamuwa da cuta cuta ta Coronavirus, a mafi yawan lokuta yana faruwa ba tare da bayyanar asibiti ba. Amma akwai kuma lokuta idan muka lura da amai, jini, gudawa na ruwa a cikin dabba, kamar yadda tare da parvovirus. Amma tare da wannan cuta za a sami rashin ruwa mai tsanani na jiki, gajiya. Amma ba za mu lura da karuwar zafin jiki ba. Farfadowa yana faruwa sau da yawa kwanaki 7-10 bayan bayyanar cutar.

Mai rotavirus cututtuka asymptomatic ne. Zawo da tashin hankali na gaba ɗaya suna bayyana a gaban sauran ƙwayoyin cuta da abubuwan da ke haifar da lalacewa.

kanikancin

Ba tare da ganewar dakin gwaje-gwaje ba, likita na iya ɗauka a hankali cewa dabbar yana da ciwon ciki wanda ya haifar da kamuwa da cuta, bisa ga tarihin likita ( tarihin likita), maganin alurar riga kafi, da alamomi. Don ganewar dakin gwaje-gwaje, likitoci suna amfani da hanyoyin bincike masu zuwa:

• Cikakken ƙididdigar jini (a cikin kwanaki 4-6 na farko na cutar tare da parvovirus enteritis, raguwa a cikin leukocytes zai zama halayyar, wanda ba zai faru tare da nau'in cutar ta coronavirus ba, ana kuma lura da karuwar hematocrit);

• Gwajin jini na biochemical + kula da matakin electrolytes na jini;

• Binciken najasa da jini ta PCR da ELISA (enzymatic immunoassay). Wajibi ne a gano takamaiman ƙwayoyin rigakafi, don haka zaku iya sanin wane kamuwa da cuta ya haifar da enteritis;

• Don dalilin saurin ganewar asali, yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da gwaje-gwajen bayyananne (alal misali, VetExpert CPV / CCV Ag), duk da haka, mummunan sakamako ba ya ware kasancewar kamuwa da cuta, a cikin yanayin sakamako mai kyau, kasancewar an tabbatar da kwayar cutar a cikin jiki;

• Duban dan tayi (yana ƙayyade waɗanne takamaiman sassa na gastrointestinal tract sun shafi).

Bayan karatun, likita zai yi ganewar asali kuma ya rubuta maganin da ya dace.

Maganin enteritis a cikin karnuka

Kafin ka fara kula da dabbobin ku, kuna buƙatar ƙayyade nau'in cuta da pathogen.

A matsayinka na mai mulki, jiyya na dabba tare da enteritis yana faruwa a cikin asibiti. A halin yanzu, babu takamaiman maganin rigakafin cutar sankara na canine enteritis, wanda ke da yanayin hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri. Jiyya don maganin enteritis na asali daban-daban yana kama da juna kuma yana nufin kawar da alamun cutar.

Ainihin, ana amfani da alamun bayyanar cututtuka a cikin jiyya, wanda ya haɗa da ƙungiyoyin kwayoyi masu zuwa.

• Gastroprotectors - kwayoyi don kare mucous membrane na gastrointestinal fili - omeprozol (Omez), famotidine (Kvamatel), sucralfate (Venter, Antrepsin);

• Antiemetics - maropitan citrate (Sereniya, Maropital), ondasetron (Latran);

• Prokinetics - magungunan da ke motsa ƙwayar gastrointestinal - metoclopromide (Cerukal);

• Kwayoyin rigakafi da ake amfani da su don enteritis a cikin karnuka: amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (Amoxiclav), cefazolin, tylosin (Farmozin), metronidazole (Metrogil), da dai sauransu.

Hakanan wajibi ne don sarrafa hypoglycemia (raguwa a cikin matakan glucose na jini). Tare da raguwa, ana gudanar da gudanar da maganin glucose a cikin hanji. Don aiwatar da jiko far (droppers), shi wajibi ne don sarrafa matakin jini electrolytes (potassium, sodium, chlorine).

Abin da za a ciyar da kare tare da enteritis?

An hana cin abinci na yunwa ga dabba, yana da gaggawa don dakatar da amai a cikin asibiti kuma fara ciyarwa. Karnukan da abin ya shafa yawanci ba su da abinci da kansu, yawanci tilasta ciyarwa, a wasu lokuta masu tsanani, ana iya buƙatar esophagostomy na wucin gadi - wannan bututun silicone ne na musamman mai laushi wanda ke wucewa ta cikin esophagus cikin ciki don sauƙaƙe ciyar da mara lafiya.

Ciyarwa, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana faruwa a juzu'i har zuwa sau 4-5 a rana.

Ya kamata a ciyar da karnuka abinci mai laushi, mai sauƙin narkewa. Hill's, Purina, da Royal Canin suna samar da abinci na dabbobi a hankali waɗanda aka tsara don su zama daidaitaccen abinci mai gina jiki da laushi akan ƙwayar gastrointestinal, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga ciwon daji na canine. Waɗannan sun haɗa da: Hill's Prescription Diet Digestive Care i/d Dry Dog Food, Hill's Prescription Diet Digestive Care i/d Wet Dog Food, Purina ProPlan Veterinary Diets Gastroenteric Dry Dog Food, Purina Pro Plan Veterinary Diets Gastroenteric Wet kare abinci, Royal Canin Veterinary Diet Gastrointestinal busassun abincin kare mai ƙanƙara, Royal Canin Veterinary Diet Gastrointestinal LowFat rigar kare abinci.

Yawancin lokaci, abincin yana ɗaukar har zuwa makonni 2-4, bayan haka, bisa ga shaidar likita, zaku iya komawa zuwa abincin ku na yau da kullun.

Alamomi da kuma lura da enteritis a cikin kwikwiyo

Ƙwararru tsakanin makonni 2 zuwa 12 sun fi kamuwa da cutar. Amma idan aka kwatanta da manya, enteritis a cikin ƙwanƙwasa ya fi tsanani kuma a cikin 90% na lokuta yana da mutuwa. A cikin haɗari akwai ƴan kwikwiyon da ba a yi musu allurar rigakafi ba, da kuma ƴan kwikwiyo bayan an yaye su da wuri daga mahaifiyarsu.

Alamun da kuma lura da enteritis a cikin kwikwiyo ba su bambanta da manya dabbobi.

Matsaloli da ka iya faruwa

Duk da jiyya na lokaci, enteritis na iya haifar da rikitarwa. Mafi yuwuwar su ne: jinkirin ci gaba a cikin ƙwanƙara, raunin zuciya, rikice-rikice a cikin aikin musculoskeletal da tsarin haihuwa.

rigakafin

Kuna iya hana enteritis a cikin dabbar ku ta hanyar ɗaukar wasu matakai:

• Tabbatar cewa ya sami duk allurar rigakafin da aka ba da shawarar don hana ƙwayoyin cuta masu haɗari waɗanda ke sa shi rashin lafiya.

• Samun maganin tsutsotsi da ƙuma akai-akai.

• Daidai, daidaitaccen abinci mai gina jiki yana da mahimmanci daidai.

• Riƙe dabbar ku a kan leshi don hana ɗaukar zuriyar dabbobi da kuma guje wa haɗuwa da najasa, ɓoyayyun dabbobi ko marasa rigakafi.

• Wajibi ne a kiyaye keɓe keɓe lokacin da sabon dabba ya bayyana, da kuma bayan kowace alurar riga kafi.

Akwai yanayi da yawa da zasu iya haifar da enteritis a cikin dabba, amma matakan da ke sama zasu rage haɗarin cututtuka.

Idan dabbar ku ta ci gaba da ciwon ciki, jiyya da wuri shine mabuɗin. Kada ku yi watsi da bayyanar cututtuka na kamuwa da cuta a cikin kare ku. Tabbatar tuntuɓi likitan ku idan alamun sun wuce fiye da kwana ɗaya.

Alurar rigakafin Canine Enteritis

Don hana kamuwa da cuta tare da cutar, ya zama dole don aiwatar da rigakafin rigakafi. An lura cewa dabbobin da aka yi wa alurar riga kafi sun kamu da cutar ne kawai a cikin 5-10% na lokuta, kuma cutar kanta ta fi sauƙi, haɗarin mutuwa zai ragu.

Alurar riga kafi na dabbobin gida ana aiwatar da su sosai bisa ga makirci tare da allurar rigakafin gida ko na waje.

Sun nuna kansu sosai - Nobivak DHPPi (Holland), Vanguard (Belgium), Eurikan (Faransa).

Mun gabatar muku da wani tsari don yin rigakafin karnuka daga manyan cututtuka masu yaduwa:

• Ana yin rigakafin farko a cikin watanni 2 tare da hadadden maganin rigakafi.

• Bugu da ari, maimaituwa don tabbatar da ingantaccen rigakafi ana yin shi bayan makonni 4 (a watanni 3). Tare da maimaita rigakafin cutar ta rabies kuma ana aiwatar da su.

• Ana maimaita rigakafin gaba bayan makonni 4 (a watanni 4).

• Ana yin allurar ƙarfafawa ta ƙarshe a cikin shekara 1 (watanni 12). Bayan alurar riga kafi, ana maimaita shi a tsaka-tsakin lokaci 1 a kowace shekara.

Hatsari ga mutane

A matsayinka na mai mulki, ba a kamuwa da cutar enteritis ga mutane kuma baya haifar da wani haɗari ga mutane, kamar dabbobin wasu nau'in. Hakanan mutum yana fama da ciwon ciki, amma wannan nau'in cuta ce ta daban wacce ba a yaɗa ta daga dabbobi. Sabili da haka, mai shi bazai ji tsoron kamuwa da cutar ba lokacin da yake kula da dabbobinsa mara lafiya, amma kuna buƙatar tuna cewa zai iya zama mai ɗaukar cutar, saboda. mafi yawan lokuta, kwayoyin cuta suna yin tushe a kan tufafi da takalma, bayan sun shiga cikin yanayi. Ka tuna ka wanke hannayenka da tufafi bayan ka kula da dabba marar lafiya.

Enteritis a cikin karnuka - babban abu game da cutar

1. Ciwon ciki cuta ce ta kowa, wacce ke da kumburin ƙananan hanji, tare da gudawa, rashin ruwa, guba mai tsanani na jiki.

2. Mafi hatsarin abubuwan da ke haifar da enteritis a cikin karnuka sune waɗanda kamuwa da cuta ta viral ke haifar da su. Karnuka na shekaru daban-daban suna rashin lafiya, amma kwikwiyon da ke ƙasa da shekara 1 daga rukunin haɗarin sun fi kamuwa da cuta: ba a yi musu allurar rigakafi ba, an yi musu alurar riga kafi da cin zarafin tsarin, tare da cunkoson jama'a (ƙungiyar).

3. Alamun bayyanar cututtuka na cututtuka daban-daban (dalili) sun kasance daidai da juna kuma sun bambanta kawai a cikin adadin kwarara. Tare da enteritis, kareka zai nuna alamun masu zuwa: zazzabi, zawo, ƙin cin abinci, rashin tausayi, amai. Kasancewar adadin waɗannan alamun yana buƙatar magani na gaggawa zuwa asibiti.

4. Don takamaiman ganewar cutar, ana amfani da ELISA, PCR da gwaje-gwaje masu sauri.

5. A halin yanzu, babu takamaiman maganin rigakafi don maganin cututtukan ƙwayar cuta. Ana yin maganin ne don kawar da alamun da cutar ke haifarwa.

6. Rigakafin kamuwa da cutar sankarau shine rigakafin lokaci. Amma yana da daraja tunawa cewa ko da an yi wa dabbobin ku alurar riga kafi, wannan ba ya ware yiwuwar cutar.

Amsoshin tambayoyin akai-akai

Sources:

1. Canine viral enteritis yaduwa na parvo-, corona-, rotavirus cututtuka a cikin karnuka a cikin Netherlands / GA Drost // Dabbobin dabbobi kwata, - 2015 № 2 P.4. - P. 181-190. // https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7134481/

2. Lauren J. Canine Coronavirus, 2022 // https://www.petmd.com/dog/conditions/digestive/c_dg_canine_coronavirus_infection

3. Malmanger E. Duk abin da kuke Bukatar Ku sani Game da Parvo a cikin Dogs, 2020 // https://www.petmd.com/dog/conditions/infectious-parasitic/c_dg_canine_parvovirus_infection