Euthanasia na dabbobi masu rarrafe da amphibians

Abubuwan aikace-aikacen don allura a cikin kwakwalwa ta hanyar ido na parietal (na uku) Source: D.Mader (2005)

Kwakwalwar kunkuru na iya kula da ayyukanta na wani lokaci a ƙarƙashin yanayin yunwar oxygen, wanda dole ne a yi la'akari da shi, tun da akwai lokuta na farkawa na dabba bayan "hanyar karshe"; apnea kawai bai isa ga mutuwa ba. Wasu mawallafa na kasashen waje sun ba da shawarar samar da maganin formalin ga kashin baya ko maganin sa barci, tare da kwayoyi masu zabi don euthanasia, kuma sun yi la'akari game da amfani da potassium da magnesium salts a matsayin jami'ai na zuciya (don rage yiwuwar dawo da aikin famfo. zuciya) domin hana farkawa. Hanyar inhalation na abubuwa maras tabbas ga kunkuru ba a ba da shawarar ba saboda dalilin cewa kunkuru na iya ɗaukar numfashi na dogon lokaci. Fry a cikin rubuce-rubucensa (1991) ya nuna cewa zuciya tana ci gaba da bugawa na ɗan lokaci bayan aikin euthanasia, wanda ke ba da damar tattara jini idan ya zama dole don bincike don dalilai na binciken bayan mutuwa na wani asibiti. Hakanan dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan lokacin tabbatar da mutuwa.

A bayyane yake, wasu masu bincike a ƙarƙashin euthanasia suna nufin kisa kai tsaye ta hanyar lalacewa ta jiki ga kwakwalwa tare da taimakon kayan aiki, kuma hanyoyin da aka ɗauka a cikin magungunan dabbobi ana yin su azaman shiri na dabba.

Akwai jagororin da yawa don euthanasia na dabbobi masu rarrafe da aka buga a cikin Amurka, amma taken “ma'aunin zinare” har yanzu masana da yawa sun ba da littafin tarihin Dr. Cooper. Don maganin rigakafi, ƙwararrun likitocin dabbobi na ƙasashen waje suna amfani da ketamine, wanda ke sauƙaƙe isar da babban magani a cikin jijiyar, kuma yana rage damuwa a cikin dabba kuma yana hana mai shi daga damuwa mara amfani idan ya kasance a cikin hanyar euthanasia. Bayan haka, ana amfani da barbiturates. Wasu ƙwararru suna amfani da calcium chloride bayan gudanar da maganin sa barci. Ana ba da kwayoyi ta hanyoyi daban-daban: a cikin jini, a cikin abin da ake kira. parietal mata. Ana iya ba da mafita ta intracelomically ko cikin tsoka; akwai ra'ayi cewa waɗannan hanyoyin gudanarwa ma suna da tasiri, amma tasirin yana zuwa a hankali. Duk da haka, ya kamata mutum yayi la'akari da gaskiyar cewa rashin ruwa, hypothermia ko rashin lafiya (wanda, a gaskiya, ko da yaushe yana cikin alamun euthanasia) na iya zama masu hanawa na sha. Za a iya sanya majiyyaci a cikin ɗakin isar da kayan aikin motsa jiki na numfashi (halothane, isoflurane, sevoflurane), amma wannan fasaha na iya yin tsayi sosai saboda, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, wasu dabbobi masu rarrafe suna iya ɗaukar numfashi kuma su shiga cikin tsarin anaerobic, wanda ke ba su wasu. lokaci don fuskantar apnea; wannan da farko ya shafi kada da kunkuru na ruwa.

A cewar D.Mader (2005), amphibians, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, an euthanized ta amfani da TMS (Tricaine methane sulfonate) da kuma MS - 222. Cooper, Ewebank and Platt (1989) sun ambata cewa amphibians na ruwa kuma za a iya kashe a cikin ruwa tare da sodium bicarbonate. ko Alco-Seltzer kwamfutar hannu. Euthanasia tare da TMS (Tricaine methane sulfonate) bisa ga Wayson et al. (1976) mafi ƙarancin damuwa. Shawarar gudanarwar intracelomic na TMS a kashi na 200 mg/kg. Hakanan ana amfani da amfani da ethanol a cikin ƙima fiye da 20% don euthanasia. Pentobarbital ana gudanar da shi a kashi na 100 MG/kg na intracelomically. Wasu masana ilimin cututtuka ba su fifita shi ba saboda yana haifar da sauye-sauyen nama wanda ke dagula hoton cutar sosai (Kevin M. Wright et Brent R. Whitaker, 2001).

A cikin macizai, ana ba da T 61 a cikin zuciya (intramuscularly ko intracelomically kamar yadda ake bukata, haka nan ana allurar maganin a cikin huhu. Ga macizai masu guba, amfani da magungunan da aka shaka ko akwati mai chloroform ya fi dacewa idan ba a samu ba. T 61 ma yana da kyau). Akan yi wa kadangaru da kunkuru, dangane da manya-manyan kada, wasu mawallafa sun ambaci harbi a bayan kai, idan babu wata hanya.Yana da wahala a gare mu mu yanke hukunci game da euthanasia na manyan dabbobi masu rarrafe ta hanyar harbi daga makami, har ma daga bangaren tattalin arziki na lamarin, don haka za mu dena yin tsokaci kan wannan batu musamman, daskarewa yana da matsayinsa a cikin dabarun euthanasia masu rarrafe, wannan hanya ta zama ruwan dare tsakanin masu sha'awar sha'awa.Cooper, Ewebank, and Rosenberg (1982) sun nuna rashin amincewa da wannan hanyar, ko da an shirya majiyyaci kafin a sanya shi a cikin dakin, saboda daskarewa a cikin injin daskarewa yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo, don daskarewa, sun fi son sanya dabba a cikin ruwa nitrogen. Duk da haka, idan babu wasu hanyoyi, ana amfani da wannan hanyar a wasu lokuta bayan an satar da dabba.

Ragewa ba shakka ba hanya ce ta ɗan adam ta euthanasia ba. Cooper et al. (1982) ya nuna cewa kwakwalwar mai rarrafe na iya jin zafi har zuwa sa'a 1 bayan fashewa tare da kashin baya. Yawancin wallafe-wallafen sun bayyana hanyar kisa ta hanyar lalata kwakwalwa da kayan aiki mai kaifi. A ra'ayinmu, wannan hanyar tana faruwa ne ta hanyar samar da mafita ga kwakwalwa ta hanyar allura a cikin ido na parietal. Har ila yau, zubar jini na rashin mutuntaka ne (samanin yiwuwar kwakwalwar dabbobi masu rarrafe da masu rarrafe a lokacin hypoxia an ambata a sama), bugun kai mai karfi da kuma amfani da bindigogi. Duk da haka, ana amfani da hanyar harbi daga babban makami a cikin idon parietal na dabbobi masu rarrafe masu yawa saboda rashin yiwuwar aiwatar da wasu gyare-gyare na ɗan adam.

Nasarar dabarun euthanasia daban-daban (bisa ga Mader, 2005):