Yadda za a ƙayyade irin kare

Breed, phenotype, mestizo ko "mai daraja" - wanda shine wanda ke cikin duniyar kare

Tabbatar da tsabtar dabbar a hukumance shine tushen sa. Idan ba tare da shi ba, kowane kare, ko da ya dace da ƙa'idodin ƙungiyoyin cynological, ba shi da hakkin ya haifar da matsayi.

Pedigree - katin wanda aka lura da waɗannan bayanan: sunayen laƙabi na kwikwiyo da iyayensa, suna nuna lakabi da ƙimar da masu samar da zuriyar suka samu a lokacin rayuwarsu, jima'i da ranar haihuwar kwikwiyo, ƙyama, sunayen laƙabi na kakanni (mafi ƙarancin 3). tsararraki).

Har ila yau, ba shi da daraja yin rikodin kare ba tare da zuriya ba a matsayin pooch, saboda ga dabbobin da ke da ma'auni mai dacewa (kuma wani lokacin manufa) na waje, masu shayarwa suna da sunan daban - phenotype. Babban bambanci tsakanin dabbar dabbar phenotypic da dabbar dabbar dabbar dabbar dabbar dabbar dabi'a ce takaddun da ba ta da tushe. Bugu da ƙari, kare yana iya samun magabata masu kyau dangane da tafkin jinsin, amma saboda wasu dalilai ba a baje su ba kuma ba su sami 'yancin yin kiwo ba.

'Yan kwikwiyon da aka haifa a sakamakon jima'i na nau'i biyu daban-daban sune mestizos. Akwai nau'o'i biyu na mestizos - an haife su a cikin yanayi, da kuma ƙarƙashin rinjayar mutum (raƙuman haye da gangan). Wani muhimmin nuance: a hukumance kawai kare daga masana'antun da takaddun asali ana iya kiran su da mestizo.

Dan sarki ya riga ya zama cakuda iri uku ko fiye. Bugu da ƙari, kakannin dabba na iya zama daidaikun mutane masu tsabta, da mestizos, da sauran mongrels. A bisa ka'ida, ana iya sanya alamar "mai daraja" a kan kwikwiyo, daya daga cikin iyayensa mai tsarki ne tare da zuriyarsa, kuma na biyu shine matsakaicin mazaunan titunan birni.

Yadda ake gano irin kare

Kasancewar alamar / guntu yana sauƙaƙe aikin sosai, tunda kare da irin wannan “fasfo” ana iya danganta shi ga ƙwararren ƙwararren wanda ke karanta bayanai cikin sauƙi daga alamun da ke akwai. Tare da unchip "wutsiyoyi" lamarin ya fi rikitarwa. Tabbas, babu wanda ya hana a mika kare ga masanin ilmin halitta wanda zai gudanar da bincike sannan ya gano daya ko fiye da nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in dabbar da suka mamaye nau'in dabbar. Amma kusan ko da yaushe kuskuren irin wannan gwaji zai yi girma da yawa.

Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, kawai masu kula da karnuka 27 daga cikin 100 sun yi nasara wajen gano daidaitattun nau'o'in da suka ba da gudummawar kwayoyin halittarsu ga dabba mestizo (muna magana, ba shakka, game da kima na gani).

Daga cikin hadaddun "ganowa", tambaya ta halitta ta taso: me yasa za'a gano nau'in kare kwata-kwata, idan ba tare da zuriya ba, ba zai taɓa zama tauraro na nunin faifai da nunin kare ba? Masu shayarwa sun bayyana wannan ta gaskiyar cewa, sanin tushen kwayoyin halitta na dabba, yana da sauƙin saka idanu akan lafiyarsa. Wato: don bayyana predisposition ga cututtuka na gado. Alal misali, ciwon ido na brachycephalic da na numfashi na obstructive yana shafar nau'o'in da ke da gajerun lanƙwasa (brachycephals), da kuma danginsu na kusa, kuma da wuya, wakilan sauran dangi na canine.

Yadda ake gano nau'in kwikwiyo

Ƙananan kwikwiyo, ƙananan yuwuwar samun nasarar tantance nau'in sa. Matsakaicin da aka keta, canje-canjen launi, haɓaka mara kyau, bayyanar aibobi a kan gashi (Dalmatians) - duk waɗannan abubuwan mamaki, waɗanda ba makawa ga ƙwanƙwasa, kawai rage gudu. Don haka idan ka ɗauki dabbar dabba ba tare da takaddun ba, ɗauki sauye-sauyen da suka shafi shekarunsa a hankali - ba shi yiwuwa a yi la'akari da abin da jaririn da aka saya "daga hannu" zai girma. Dangane da dogara, an ƙayyade nau'in kare daga watanni 6, kodayake masana ilimin kimiyya da kansu suna la'akari da shekarun dabbar da suka kai shekara ɗaya mafi kyau.

Yadda za a ƙayyade irin nau'in babban kare ta alamun waje

Yana da kyau a yi nazarin halaye na waje gaba ɗaya, ana nufin littafin tunani ko ma'auni. Amma ka tuna cewa tare da "masu daraja" a cikin ƙarni na nth, wannan ka'ida ba za ta yi aiki ba - maɗaukakiyar haɗuwa da kwayoyin halitta a cikin phenotype. Amma a cikin halin da ake ciki tare da mestizos, damar samun nasarar "gano" yana da yawa.

Ta tsawo da nauyi

Duniyar kare tana da kattai, 'yan tsakiya da kuma dwarfs. RKF yana gano manyan nau'ikan duwatsu guda 3 daidai da girman wakilansu.

Large

Karnuka masu tsayi na 60 cm a bushes da nauyin jiki na 25-30 kg. Fitattun wakilai: Karen Makiyayi na Gabashin Turai, Briard, Maremma-Abruzzo Shepherd Dog, American Bulldog, Doberman, Caucasian Shepherd Dog, Black Russian Terrier, Giant Schnauzer, Alaskan Malamute, da dai sauransu.

Duk manyan nau'ikan kare

matsakaita

Matsakaicin karnuka karnuka ne daga 40 zuwa 60 cm a bushes tare da nauyi a cikin kewayon 12-25 kg. Wasu nau'ikan da RKF ke rarraba su a matsayin matsakaici: Faransa Bulldog, Lhasa Apso, Spaniel na Rasha, Fir'auna Hound, Chow Chow, Laika Gabas ta Tsakiya, Welsh Terrier, Border Collie, Stafford American, Bull Terrier, Thai Ridgeback, Beagle, da sauransu.

All matsakaici kare breeds

Small

Daga kananan nau'ikan, manyan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan abubuwa uku suna rarrabe: ƙananan karnuka daidai (tsayi - har zuwa 40-10 kg; nauyin jiki - har zuwa 12 cm; ), toi (tsawo - bai fi 35 cm ba; nauyi - a cikin 5 kg). Yawanci "jarirai": Miniature Pinscher, Yorkshire Terrier, Mexican Gashin Kare, Belgium Griffon, Pug, Sin Crested Dog, Rasha Toy Terrier, Chihuahua, Maltese, Petit Brabancon, Papillon, Jafananci Chin, Tibet Spaniel, Coton de Tulear, Manchester Terrier da dai sauransu .

Duk kananan nau'in kare

Ta nau'in kunnuwa

Girman, saiti da siffar rigar kunne sune mafi mahimmancin halayen nau'in da za su iya ba da labari da yawa game da "tushen" dabbar dabbar.

Bugu da ƙari ga siffar da saiti, kunnuwa na iya bambanta a gaban / rashin gashin gashin kayan ado. Irin nau'in da ba za a iya rikicewa ba saboda wannan fasalin: papillon, ɗan wasan wasan kwaikwayo na Rasha mai tsayi mai tsayi, briar.

Tare da tsawon muzzle

Dogon gada na hanci a cikin karnuka ba koyaushe yana nufin maharbi na farko ba. Ko da yake, zuwa ga mafi girma, irin wannan siffa ta jiki yana da mahimmanci a cikin wakilan dangi na farauta.

Iri mai dogon hanci:

Kuma ba shakka, kar ka manta game da wakilan dangin canine na "polar" - brachycephals. Don haka idan kwikwiyon ku yana da guntun guntun guntun guntu ko baƙaƙe, da alama a cikin lambar halittarsa ​​an lura da su:

Hack rayuwa ga masu sha'awar: lokacin da kayyade nau'in kare ta tsawon muzzle, kar a manta game da siffar bayan hanci. A matsayin misali: muzzles na bijimin terrier da na Afghanistan hound kusan tsayi iri ɗaya ne, amma a gani sun bambanta sosai.

Siffa da girman wutsiya

Wutsiyoyi a cikin nau'in ƙugiya mai haske suna da halayen Chow Chow, Pug da Akita Inu. Tutar wutsiya, tsaye tsaye, alama ce ta gano beagles. Siffar ƙugiya tare da ɗan ɗagawa ɗan ƙaramin guntu guntu na Briards da Pyrenean Shepherds. Wutsiyar bera, kamar ta Irish Water Spaniel, tana da ƙarfi, tushe mai ulu da bakin bakin ciki wanda aka lulluɓe da gashin gashi. Labrador Retriever yana da abin da ake kira otter wutsiya: mai kauri a gindi, yana matsewa zuwa ga tip kuma ya baje a ƙasa.

Bull Terriers su ne masu wutsiyoyi a kwance, waɗanda kuma ake kira sanda. Siffar ganowa siffa ce mai kama da hargitsin kudan zuma. Zobe a ƙarshen wutsiya don yawancin nau'ikan kiwo ana ɗaukar cutar ƙauye ce, amma ba ga hound Afghan ba, wanda aka tsara wannan "ƙira '' halayyar tunani ce. Wutsiyoyi na jinji yawanci na Siberian Huskies ne. Wutsiyoyi na squirrel, sun lanƙwasa gaba, sun kasance irin na Pekingese.

Dangane da tsayi da tsarin gashin gashi

Nau'in gashin kuma zai rage yawan adadin binciken nau'in. Masana kimiyya sun bambanta 6 manyan nau'ikan "tufafi" na kare:

• nau'in daji - elongated gashi a wuyansa, jiki, wutsiya da gajere a kan tafin hannu da kai;
• gajere mai gashi - riga mai santsi iri ɗaya a ko'ina cikin jiki tare da ƙaramin ƙaramin rigar ko ba tare da shi ba;
• mai gashin waya - m, wiry ko siffa mai siffa, yana samar da saƙon sarkar kariya a jikin dabba;
• dogon gashi - gashin gashi yana da siliki, sau da yawa rataye a cikin gefuna, yana iya zama ko dai santsi ko curly.

A cikin manyan nau'ikan ulu, akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan.

Karnuka marasa gashi - Crested na kasar Sin, Xoloitzcuintle, Terrier mara gashi na Amurka, maras gashi Ecuadorian, Abyssinian Sand Terrier, Peruvian Inca Orchid, Deerhound (ba a amince da shi ta ƙungiyoyin cynological ba), Manchurian Gashi.

santsi-masu gashi - Great Dane, Doberman, Dalmatian, Cane Corso, Boxer, Ca de Bo, Italiyanci Greyhound, Fir'auna Hound, da dai sauransu.

Mutane da fata mai ninke - Sharpei, Mastiff na Neapolitan, Pug.

Dogayen gashi tare da ƙaramin riga - Jafananci Chin.

Dogayen gashi tare da yalwar rigar ƙasa - Pekingese.

Dabbobin da ke da igiya ko gashin gashi - harsasai, komondor, bergama makiyayi.

Waya mai gashi tare da ɗan gajeren nau'in murfin – santsi-masu gashi fox terrier, Hungarian vizsla.

M gashi na matsakaici tsawon - misali schnauzer, Irish terrier.

Karnuka masu lanƙwasa m gashi - Airedale Terrier, Welsh Terrier.

Mutanen da ke da ɗan gajeren gashi – Mai da mai mai lanƙwasa.

Ana ɗaukar Karen Makiyayi na Tsakiyar Asiya a matsayin mai mallakar rigar daji. Har ila yau, cynologists sun bambanta wani ƙarin nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i) wanda ya haɗa da karnuka masu fadi da gashi mai laushi kuma mai kauri sosai (bobtails).

Ta launi

Hanya mafi sauƙi don ƙayyade nau'in a cikin karnuka tare da nau'ikan launuka masu wuya. Misali, sanin kowa ne cewa launin merle kusan koyaushe shine Bull Terrier, Pit Bull, Aussie da Pembroke Welsh Corgi. Idan kun ga wata halitta tare da duk bayyanarsa kama da Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, amma tare da gashin lu'u-lu'u, wanda aka yi wa ado da alamar chestnut, to, tare da yiwuwar 99,9% kuna da Blenheim a gaban ku.

Gaskiya mai ban mamaki: tunda nau'in launi ba koyaushe wasa ne na kwayoyin halitta ba, wasu daga cikinsu an hana su kiwo. Musamman ma, an kafa haramtacciyar gwajin kiwo ga daidaikun zabiya, da kuma karnukan rigar Isabella. Hakanan akwai ƙuntatawa da yawa akan launukan merle, kodayake ba ga kowane nau'in ba.

Hali da yanayi: muna ƙayyade irin ta hali

Hanyar, wanda masana cynologists ke bayyana a matsayin mafi yawan abin dogaro, kuma wani lokacin yana aiki. Musamman idan kare ya furta halaye na wakilan da ake nufi irin. Idan dabbar ta tabbatar da cewa ita ce mai haƙowa ta gaske, mai yiyuwa ne kawai ya yi sa'a da kwayoyin halitta. Wadanda suke so su "kiwo" duk masu ƙaho da wutsiya waɗanda ke gani suna bambanta ta hanyar tunanin karnuka makiyayi - iyakokin iyakoki, shelties, corgis.

Zuriyar karnukan farauta za su lalata rayuwar duk cats da ke kewaye da su, da kaji, idan akwai. Magoya bayan berayen, berayen da sauran rodents sune, a matsayin mai mulkin, dachshunds, ratlicks, cairn da jack Russell terriers, da ƙananan schnauzers. St. Bernards, Golden Retrievers, Pugs, Papillons, Poodles da Labradors koyaushe suna shirye don "jari" da kuma yin tinker tare da yaranku. Idan ka gamu da "mutumin shiru" mai gaskiya, mai yiwuwa an lura da wakilan kananan nau'in haushi a cikin kakanninsa - Basenji, American Akita, Shiba Inu, Rhodesian Ridgeback, Afganistan Hound, Greyhound.

Lambar Halittar Halittar Halitta: Kafa Tsari Ta Hanyar Gwajin Halitta

A Rasha, ana ba da gwajin DNA na karnuka ta dakunan gwaje-gwaje da yawa lokaci guda. Shahararrun hanyoyin da masana kimiyyar cynologists su ne gwaji don tantance matakin dangantaka da kafa bayanan kwayoyin halitta. Yawanci, irin waɗannan karatun suna zama inshora ga masu kiwon da ba su da gaskiya. Kafin siyan ɗan kwikwiyo ba tare da takaddun ba, zaku iya aika da kayan halitta na dabba da iyayenta zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje (a yarjejeniya tare da mai siyarwa) don tabbatar da cewa an ba ku dabbar dabba daga ainihin masana'antun da aka nuna.