Mulard duck irin - babban fasali na kiyayewa da ciyarwa a gida

Sau da yawa, masu mallakar ƙasarsu suna sha'awar kiwo wani nau'in agwagwa mai ban mamaki - mulards, wanda ya bayyana kwanan nan. Idan ba ku zurfafa cikin kwayoyin halitta ba, to, wannan shine nau'in duck ɗin musk na gida na yau da kullun, amma tare da wasu bambance-bambancen mutum.

Wannan nau'in mularda wani nau'i ne kuma an haife shi ne ta hanyar ketare wani kaji na Indouka da Beijing. Haɗa babban fa'idodin nau'ikan nau'ikan guda biyu, mulard cikin sauri ya sami karɓuwa a tsakanin masu kiwon kaji. Amma kafin ka fara irin wannan agwagwa a cikin bayan gida, kana buƙatar fahimtar fasalin kiyayewa da ciyar da ducks na nau'in mulard.

Siffofin irin

Mulardy, kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, shine hybrids na miski da dangin Beijing. Har ila yau, ko ta yaya masu sayarwa marasa gaskiya suka tabbatar da cewa nau'in yana da sauƙi don haihuwa a gida, mulards ba su da 'ya'ya. A saboda wannan dalili ne ba ma'ana don barin tsuntsu don manufar ci gaba da kiwo. Duk da cewa dabi'un dabi'a na ci gaba suna bayyana a cikinsu, hadi na ƙwai ba ya faruwa. An tabbatar da hakan akai-akai ta gwaji.

A mafi yawan lokuta, ducks mulard suna girma a matsayin nau'in nama saboda yawan amfanin sa. An samo wannan nau'in don samar da kayan nama mafi sauri. Domin watanni 3-4 tsuntsun yana samun nauyin yanka har zuwa kilogiram 4 ko fiye. A lokaci guda, farashin kulawa iri ɗaya ne na mulards da duck Peking, amma ana samun nama da yawa daga nau'in farko. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya ciyar da nau'in da karfi don samun abinci mai dadi - foie gras.

Mulard agwagwa ce mai launuka iri-iri, kamar yadda bidiyo da hotuna daban-daban suka tabbatar a Intanet. Irin wannan tsuntsu zai iya zama kayan ado na farfajiyar gida. Duck ya fi sau da yawa yana da duhu ko fari tare da tabo na musamman akan kai don irin. Tsuntsu yana samun nauyi tare da shekaru. A cikin wata na uku na rayuwa, mularda kai kusan 4 kg. A lokaci guda, drake bai yi nisa da agwagwa ta nauyi ba. Matsakaicin bambancin nauyin jiki tsakanin namiji da mace shine 500 Gy.

Kiwo irin a gida

Noman ducks mai yawan jama'a ya sami karɓuwa mafi yawa a ƙasashen Turai. Ana yin irin wannan tsuntsu don samun abinci mai daɗi na foie gras - hanta duck. An shagaltar da nau'ikan kiwo da a gida ta hanyar tsallakawa Peking drake tare da Muscovy duck. A lokaci guda, dole ne wasu abubuwa su kasance tare da nasarar taron.

• Lokacin kiwo - lokaci mafi dacewa don mating mulards shine lokacin daga Mayu zuwa Yuni.
• Shekarun ducks - tsuntsayen da suka dace ya kamata su faru a watanni 7-10.
• Sharuɗɗan kiyayewa - yana da kyau a ajiye drake tare da ducks 5 a cikin paddock ɗaya. A lokaci guda kuma, bai kamata mutum ya yi tsammanin cewa duck zai fara yin ƙwai nan da nan ba, kuma drake zai yi takin su. Da farko, dole ne tsuntsu ya saba da sabon wuri.
• Daga ayyukan drake - sau da yawa namiji ba ya gane farar mace na nau'in Beijing. Domin drake ya mayar da martani ga farin agwagwa, ana fentin shi tare da dukan baya da fenti mai duhu.

Dace da shiryawa qwai da aka tattara a cikin mako guda bayan bayyanar masonry. Ana haifan 'ya'yan ko dai ta hanyar wucin gadi a cikin incubator, ko kuma a ƙarƙashin uwar agwagwa kai tsaye. A lokaci guda, hanyar dabi'a ta hatching ducklings ya fi tasiri fiye da na wucin gadi. An bar kaji masu kyau don yin kiwo na shekaru da yawa.

Gidan gida don shirya ƙwai yana da kyau a cikin wuri mai shiru. Akwatin katako ya dace da halittarsa. A kasa, ba tare da kasawa ba, kana buƙatar kwanciya hay ko bambaro. kaza daya na iya yin kwai har 15 a lokaci guda. Don a ƙarshe tabbatar da cewa ƙwai sun kasance, bayan kwanaki 10 ana duba kama ta hanyar amfani da ovoscope mai ɗaukar hoto. Idan an sami ƙwai marasa tasoshin ko tare da matattu embryos, kamar yadda shaida ta zoben jini, ana zubar da su.

Yawanci agwagwa barin gida sau da yawa a rana, saboda buƙatar shakatawa da shiga cikin tsabta. Yana da kyau a motsa mai ciyarwa da mai shayarwa a cikin kusa da gida. Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci cewa mahaifiyar kaza ta yi wanka, tana shayar da masonry tare da gashin fuka-fuki. Idan za a ƙyanƙyashe 'ya'yan a cikin incubator, to, kuma yana bukatar a shayar da shi da ruwa, wanda ke taimakawa ga ci gaban tsuntsaye na yau da kullum. Bayyanar ducklings yawanci yana faruwa bayan wata daya.

Tare da noman mulards na halitta a ƙarƙashin kaza, ana samun kusan kashi 100 na haihuwa. Bi da bi, har zuwa 40% na asarar brood yana faruwa a cikin incubator. Tare da ciyarwar al'ada, ducklings suna samun nauyi fiye da kilogiram 60 bayan kwanaki 3.

Siffofin ciyar da ducklings da manyan tsuntsaye

Girma agwagi na nau'in mulard yana da matukar wahala, musamman idan ducklings suna girma ba tare da kaza ba. A lokaci guda kuma, ya zama wajibi bi wasu dokoki.

1. Yarda da tsarin zafin jiki.
2. Daidaitaccen haske.
3. Cikakken abinci mai lafiya.

A cikin 'yan kwanakin farko, yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye fitilu a kowane lokaci a cikin alkalami na agwagwa. Bayan kamar mako guda, lokacin hasken baya yana raguwa. Bayan kwanaki 10, ana kunna hasken na awanni 15. Tsarin zafin jiki a cikin ɗakin ya kamata ya canza tsakanin 20-22 ° C da kusan 30 ° C kai tsaye kusa da tushen zafi.

Kamar kwanciya barci amfani da bambaroyayyafa shi da busasshiyar lemun tsami. Babu wani yanayi da ya kamata a yi amfani da sawdust azaman gado, kamar yadda, sun ci, ducklings na iya mutuwa.

Ƙanƙara ne kawai bai san yadda ake ciyar da kansa ba don haka ana ciyar da shi da karfi. Amma da farko kana bukatar ka gane yadda za a ciyar da ducklings na mulard irin? A cikin kantin magani na dabbobi, akwai nau'ikan kit don ciyar da kajin: pre-starter, Starter da babban abinci, diluted da bitamin da ma'adanai.

Kafin ciyarwar farko, ƙwararrun manoman kiwon kaji sun ba da shawarar baiwa kowane agwagi mara ƙarfi na potassium permanganate ta hanyar pipette. Bayan haka, an shirya cakuda ƙwai da porridge. Haɗin da aka gama yana warwatse a kan wani wuri mai duhu a gaban brood. Kuna iya watsawa wasu abincin akan ducklings da kansu don su koyi ɗaukar abincin da ke motsawa. Boiled qwai ana kara kawai a farkon shekaru goma.

Mulard duck kajin sun fara ci da kansu tuni 48 hours bayan bayyanar. Bayan kwanaki uku, ana ƙara yankakken yankakken ganye a cikin abincin, kuma bayan kwanaki 10, an dasa dankali mai dankali.

Kwanaki 30 na farko na ciyarwa, ana ƙara kayan kiwo zuwa porridge. A makonni biyu da haihuwa, yana da kyawawa don ƙara duckweed zuwa abincin ducks. Irin wannan ciyawa tana girma a cikin tafkunan fadama, kuma mai tattalin arziki zai iya kama ta da raga da kansa. Idan ducks na mulard irin suna girma da mai farin ciki mai mallakar fili kusa da tafki, to za a iya saki tsuntsu, yin iyo, kuma ya isa ya ciyar da shi da hatsi sau 3 a rana. An canza tsuntsu mai wata daya zuwa abinci 2 a rana.

Mafi sau da yawa ana amfani da su don ciyar da tsuntsaye alkama, masara da abinci. Kada ku yi sakaci da abubuwan da ke cikin ma'adinai a cikin nau'in alli, kwai, farar ƙasa da bawo na kogi. Yana da matukar amfani don ƙara bran hatsi, cin abinci na kashi da sauran abubuwan haɓaka na halitta zuwa abincin mulards. Amma mafi mahimmancin ma'auni don ingantaccen girma shine kasancewar isasshen adadin ruwa. Yana da kyau a ajiye ruwa a cikin kwantena masu zurfi, kamar yadda tsuntsu dole ne ya kurkura hanci da baki ya toshe da abinci.

Siffofin kiwon kaji da yanka

Tsarin kiwo na ducks mulard yayi kama da noman wasu tsuntsayen gida. Yawancin lokaci ana ajiye tsuntsu a cikin gida, inda agwagi ke jin lafiya da kariya daga sanyi da ruwan sama. A lokaci guda, akwai wasu aviary da yadi normsdace don adana kaji:

• ya kamata a lissafta corral bisa 1 murabba'in mita don ducks 3;
• an zaɓi yadi don ducks mulard tafiya la'akari da cewa ana buƙatar murabba'in mita 1 na sarari kyauta ga mutum ɗaya.

Abun ciki na ducks na mullard irin yana da yawa riba daga mahangar tattalin arziki. Tsuntsu a cikin kwanaki 60 ya kai kusan kilogiram 4 na nauyi mai rai kuma yana kusan shirye don yanka. Ba a ba da shawarar shuka ducks fiye da watanni 3 ba, yayin da tsuntsu ya fara zubar da nauyi. Kafin yanka tsuntsu, sun daina ciyar da shi na tsawon sa'o'i da yawa. Don sauƙin cire gashin tsuntsu daga duck, an fara ƙone shi da ruwan zafi sosai, amma ba tare da ruwan zãfi ba.

Ducks na mulardy irin su ne nama tsuntsu, halin da mai kyau vitality da cututtuka juriya. Bugu da ƙari, nau'in yana da amfani sosai, yana da nama mai yawa, wanda ya fi sauran tsuntsayen gida dadi. Kuma, da aka ba da cewa naman mulards ne m, shi ne mafi alhẽri daga Goose nama, kawai a yanzu, Goose girma ga watanni 6. A lokaci guda, a cikin lokacin rani ɗaya kawai, zaku iya ba dangin ku nama don duk lokacin hunturu.