Jikin bera: tsarin fasali na kai, muzzle, paws da hakora (hoto)

Na dogon lokaci, berayen sun kasance alamar yanayin rashin tsabta kuma suna tsoratar da bil'adama, sun zama masu cutar da rashin lafiya ko yunwa. An yi la'akari da su kamar kwari har sai kyawawan dabbobin ado sun bayyana, wanda, dangane da hankali da hulɗa, za su iya yin gasa tare da kuliyoyi da karnuka da suka saba.

Idan za ku sami rodent, yana da mahimmanci don wakiltar bambanci tsakanin berayen, mice, hamsters don samar da dabba mafi kyawun kulawa da yanayi.

Janar halaye na dabba

Dangane da nau'in, tsawon jikin bera zai iya zama daga 8 zuwa 30 cm. Siffa ta musamman ita ce doguwar wutsiya, wani lokaci ya wuce tsayin jiki. Nauyin dabba yana daga 37-400 g. Musamman manyan mutane na berayen launin toka na iya kaiwa nauyin kilogiram 0,5.

A classic tabarau na ulu ne launin toka da launin ruwan kasa, ko da yake akwai kuma rawaya da orange launuka. Babban nau'ikan berayen daji sune launin toka da baki, waɗanda suke a ko'ina. Sauran rodents suna rayuwa ne a wani yanki da aka kayyade.

Wadannan nau'ikan sun fi dacewa don kiyaye gida:

Shugaban bera

Kan dabba yana da siffofi kamar haka:

• elongated siffar;
• babban girman dangi ga jiki;
• hanci mai kaifi;
• ƙananan idanu baƙar fata;
• zagaye kananan kunnuwa.

An kasu kashi na gaba - muzzle, da kuma na baya. An raba kan bera daga jiki da ɗan gajeren wuya mai kauri. Kunnen waje yayi kama da harsashi mai motsi. Daga tushe mai zurfi zuwa ƙashin ɗan lokaci yana barin naman mai ji.

Fuskar bera

Wurin muzzle ya haɗa da:

• hanci;
• kwasfan ido;
• baki;
• kunci;
• wurin taunawa.

Fissure na baka yana kan gaba da gefuna na muzzle. Ana sanya hancin a saman hanci kusa da juna. Nan da nan a ƙasan hanci, wani tsagi na tsaye ya fara, saboda abin da aka fallasa manyan incisors na sama, ko da rodent ya kiyaye bakinsa.

Akwai vibrissae kusa da tip na hanci. Ƙungiyoyin taɓawa waɗanda ke taimaka wa dabba don kewayawa da kimanta abubuwa akan hanya. An saita idanu masu zurfi, ana kiyaye su ta hanyar rufe idanu masu motsi. Har ila yau, rodents suna halin kasancewar fatar ido na uku - membrane mai banƙyama, da jajayen idanu.

Hakora nawa bera yake da shi

Wani tsarin haƙori na musamman shine keɓancewar siffa na jeji da rodents na ado. Adadin adadin hakora shine 16, wanda 12 daga cikinsu suna tauna molars da nau'i-nau'i 2 na elongated incisors a tsakiyar ɓangaren muƙamuƙi. Akwai tazara mai mahimmanci a tsakanin su da magudanar ruwa.

Manufar incisors shine cizo. Sharp da karfi, suna ƙyale dabbar ta ci ba kawai hatsi ba, har ma da kwari, da ƙananan dabbobi. Saboda haka, beran daji yakan zama mafarauci. Har ila yau, ƙarfin musamman na waɗannan nau'i-nau'i na hakora yana ba da damar rodents su jimre da itace, siminti da waya na karfe.

Incisors na bera suna girma koyaushe, don haka suna buƙatar kaifi akai-akai. Lokacin adana dabbobin kayan ado, wajibi ne a samar da su da na'urori na musamman, in ba haka ba dabba na iya sha wahala daga hakora masu girma. Enamel yana samuwa ne kawai a saman gaba na incisors. Bayan an rufe shi da dentin, wani abu mai laushi wanda ke lalacewa da sauri.

An sanye su da ƙwanƙwasa tubercles ko tudu don cin nasarar cin abinci. A cikin manya, ana shafe su. An adana enamel kawai a tarnaƙi, tsakiyar kuma an rufe shi da dentin.

jiki rodent

Jikin bera yana da siffar elongated. An raba ta:

• yankin dorsal-thoracic, wanda ya haɗa da yankunan dorsal da interscapular;
• lumbar-abdominal, rarraba cikin ciki da ƙananan baya;
• sacro-gluteal, ciki har da pelvic da sacral yankuna.

Wool: menene jikin bera aka lullube dashi

Fatar rodent an rufe shi da ulu iri-iri. An tsara gashin gashi masu kauri da tsayi don warkarwa da fata daga lalacewar waje. Ƙarƙashin rigar, wanda kuma ake kira undercoat, yana da mahimmanci don kula da zafin jiki.

Duk gashin gashi sun ƙunshi abubuwa masu ƙayatarwa. An haɗa tushe zuwa jakar gashi, a cikin abin da ducts na sebaceous gland shine yake buɗe. An tsara kitsen da aka ɓoye don lubricate gashi da fata, yana ba da elasticity.

Yanayin zafin jiki na bera

Yawanci, zafin jiki na bera na ado shine digiri 38,5-39,5. Tare da haɓaka kaɗan, damuwa, bugun jini, ko matakin farko na kamuwa da cuta ana iya ɗauka. Zazzabi na digiri 40,5 alama ce don zuwa asibiti cikin gaggawa, amma kuna buƙatar saukar da shi nan da nan. Ana yin hakan ne ta hanyar amfani da fakitin kankara ko shafa kunnuwa da ƙananan kankara.

Rage yawan zafin jiki ya fi haɗari kuma yana nuna ci gaba mai saurin kamuwa da cuta ko girgiza. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne a tayar da shi tare da dumama pads, sa'an nan kuma kai da dabbobi zuwa ga likitan dabbobi.

Takun bera

Kafofin hannu na gaba na bera sun haɗa da:

• armpits;
• kafada;
• gwiwar hannu;
• hannun hannu;
• goga

Ƙafafun bera na baya sun kasu zuwa:

• hip;
• shin;
• yankin diddige;
• yankin tarsal;
• da

Yatsu nawa bera yake da shi

Yatsun bera suna da hannu sosai. A kan tafukan gaba, babban yatsan yatsan ya ragu kuma yayi kama da ɗan gajeren kututture. Sauran yatsu sun ci gaba sosai.

A kan kafafun baya akwai duk yatsu 5, sun fi girma fiye da na gaba. Tafukan hannu da tafin hannu babu kowa.

Cikakken fahimtar tsarin jiki na dabba zai taimake ka ka yi zabi mai kyau kuma ka sami mutum mai lafiya wanda zai faranta wa mai shi rai na shekaru da yawa.