Fitilar UV - duk game da kunkuru da na kunkuru

Janar taƙaitaccen bayani game da fitilun ultraviolet

Fitilar ultraviolet mai rarrafe wata fitila ce ta musamman wacce ke ba da damar sha da calcium a jikin kunkuru, kuma yana kara kuzarin ayyukansu. Kuna iya siyan irin wannan fitilar a kantin sayar da dabbobi ko yin oda ta hanyar wasiku ta Intanet. Farashin fitilun ultraviolet daga 800 rubles da ƙari (a matsakaici 1500-2500 rubles). Wannan fitilar wajibi ne don dacewa da kula da kunkuru a gida, ba tare da kunkuru zai zama ƙasa da aiki ba, cin abinci mafi muni, rashin lafiya, zai sami laushi da curvature na harsashi da fractures na paw kasusuwa.

Daga cikin dukkan fitilun UV a halin yanzu a kasuwa, mafi kyau kuma mafi araha sune fitilun UVB 10-14% na Arcadia. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da fitilu masu haske, to, sun fi dacewa. Fitila tare da 2-5% UVB (2.0, 5.0) suna samar da ƙaramin UV kuma kusan ba su da amfani.

Dole ne a kunna fitilar kamar sa'o'i 12 a rana daga safiya zuwa maraice kuma a lokaci guda da fitilar dumama. Don kunkuru na ruwa, fitilar UV tana saman tudu, kuma ga kunkuru na ƙasa, yawanci yana tare da tsayin terrarium (tube). Matsakaicin tsayi zuwa kasan terrarium shine 20-25 cm. Wajibi ne don canza fitilar don wani sabon game da lokaci 1 a kowace shekara.

Menene fitilar Ultra Violet (UV)?

Fitilar UVB na taimakawa wajen shanye sinadarin calcium da kunkuru ke samu daga ko ban da abinci. Wajibi ne don ƙarfafawa da haɓaka ƙasusuwa da harsashi, ba tare da shi ba rickets suna tasowa a cikin kunkuru: kasusuwa da bawo sun zama masu laushi da raguwa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa kunkuru sukan sami karaya na gabobi, kuma harsashi yana da lankwasa sosai. Calcium da hasken ultraviolet suna da mahimmanci musamman ga kunkuru matasa da masu ciki. A cikin yanayi, ƙasar herbivorous kunkuru kusan ba su samun bitamin D3 daga abinci, kuma shi wajibi ne don sha na alli (alli, farar ƙasa, kananan kasusuwa), don haka shi ne samar a cikin jiki na ƙasar herbivorous kunkuru saboda hasken rana radiation, wanda ya ba ultraviolet na daban-daban bakan. Ba da kunkuru bitamin D3 a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban sutura ba shi da amfani - ba a sha. Amma kunkuru na ruwa masu farauta suna da bitamin D3 daga cikin dabbobin da suke ci, don haka za su iya sha bitamin D3 daga abinci ba tare da hasken ultraviolet ba, amma amfani da shi yana da kyau a gare su. Ultraviolet A, wanda kuma aka samo shi a cikin fitilu na UV don masu rarrafe, yana taimaka wa dabbobi masu rarrafe su ga abinci da juna mafi kyau, yana da babban tasiri akan hali. Koyaya, fitulun halide na ƙarfe kawai zasu iya fitar da UVA tare da ƙarfi kusa da hasken rana.

Ga kowane fitilun terrarium, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da fitilun terrarium na musamman, waɗanda ke da tsawon rayuwar sabis, an tsara su don wutar lantarki mafi girma saboda harsashi yumbu, na iya samun abubuwan da aka gina a ciki, firam ɗin na musamman don amfani a cikin terrarium, na iya samun rufin danshi, kariya ta fantsama, lafiya ga dabbobi. Koyaya, galibi suna amfani da fitilun gida mai rahusa (na ƙamshi da fitilun dumama, fitilun tebur akan tufa, da fitilun T8, inuwar fitilar fitila a cikin kantin sayar da dabbobi ko a cikin kasuwar gini). Bugu da ari, wannan rufi yana haɗe daga cikin akwatin kifaye ko terrarium.

T5 ultraviolet fitila, karfe halide fitilu an haɗa ta ta musamman mafari!

Don amfani da hasken ultraviolet na fitilun bisa hankali da inganci, ya kamata a shigar da ƙananan fitilu masu kyalli tare da bututun arcuate a kwance, kuma fitilu iri ɗaya tare da bututu mai karkace ya kamata a sanya su a tsaye ko a karkace kusan 45 °. Don wannan dalili, ya kamata a shigar da na'urori na musamman na aluminum akan fitilun fitilu masu haske (tubes) T8 da T5. In ba haka ba, wani muhimmin sashi na radiation na fitilar zai ɓace. Fitilar fitilun fitilun matsi na al'ada ana dakatar da su a tsaye kuma ba sa buƙatar ƙarin haske yayin da aka gina su a ciki. 

Amfanin wutar lantarki na fitilun T8 na layi yana da alaƙa da tsayin su. Hakanan ya shafi fitilun T5 masu layi, tare da bambanci cewa a cikin su akwai nau'i-nau'i na fitilu na tsawon lokaci tare da amfani da wutar lantarki daban-daban. Lokacin zabar fitila don terrarium tare da tsayi, wajibi ne a kula da damar ballast (ballast). An ƙera waɗannan na'urori don yin aiki tare da fitilu masu amfani da wutar lantarki, wanda dole ne a nuna shi akan alamar. Wasu ballasts na lantarki na iya aiki da fitilu akan kewayon iko mai faɗi, kamar 15W zuwa 40W. A cikin luminaire na majalisar, tsayin fitilun ba koyaushe yana ƙayyade nisa tsakanin madaidaitan kafaffen kwasfa ba, ta yadda ballast ɗin da aka haɗa a cikin kayan luminaire ya riga ya yi daidai da ƙarfin fitilun. Wani abu kuma shine idan terrariumist ya yanke shawarar yin amfani da mai sarrafawa tare da kayan aiki na kyauta, irin su Arcadia Controller, Exo Terra Light Unit, Hagen Glo Light Controller, da dai sauransu. A kallon farko, yana iya zama alama cewa waɗannan na'urori ba su da iyaka da tsawon fitilar da aka yi amfani da su. A zahiri, kowane irin wannan na'urar yana da kayan sarrafawa don fitilu tare da ƙayyadaddun ikon amfani da wutar lantarki, sabili da haka tare da takamaiman tsayi. 

Fitilar UV ta karye. Me za a yi? Cire da wanke komai da tsabta a cikin terrarium da sauran wuraren da gutsuttsura da farin foda daga fitilar za su iya samun, ba da iska a dakin da yawa, amma ba kasa da awa 1 ba. Foda a kan gilashin phosphor ne kuma kusan ba mai guba bane, akwai ɗan tururin mercury kaɗan a cikin waɗannan fitilun.

Menene tsawon rayuwar fitilar UV? Sau nawa don canza shi? Masu sana'a yawanci rubuta a kan fakitin fitilu na UV cewa rayuwar fitilar ita ce shekara 1, duk da haka, yanayin aiki ne, da kuma bukatun wani nau'i na kunkuru a cikin radiation ultraviolet, wanda ke ƙayyade rayuwar sabis. Amma tunda yawancin masu kunkuru ba su da ikon auna fitilun UV, muna ba da shawarar canza fitulun sau ɗaya a shekara. A halin yanzu mafi kyawun masana'anta na fitilun UV don dabbobi masu rarrafe shine Arcadia, ana iya amfani da fitilun su kusan shekaru 1. Amma ba mu bayar da shawarar yin amfani da fitilu daga Aliexpress kwata-kwata, saboda ƙila ba za su iya ba da ultraviolet kwata-kwata ba.

• type:  1. Fitilar fitilun T5 (kimanin 16 mm) da T8 (kimanin 26 mm, inch). 2. Ƙananan fitilu masu kyalli tare da E27, G23 (TC-S) da 2G11 (TC-L). 3. High matsin karfe halide fitilu. 4. Fitilar fitarwa na mercury mai girma (ba tare da ƙari ba): gilashin haske, gilashin sanyi, gilashin sanyi mai sanyi, da gilashin gilashin translucent.  
• Ƙarfi da tsawoDon T8 (Ø Kimanin 26 mm, G13 tushe): 10 W (tsawo 30 cm), 14 W (38 cm), 15 W (45 cm), 18 W (60 cm), 25 W (75 cm), 30W (90cm), 36W (120cm), 38W (105cm). Mafi yawan fitilu da inuwa akan siyarwa sune: 15 W (45 cm), 18 W (60 cm), 30 W (90 cm). Don girman fitilun da ba a so, yana iya zama da wahala a sami kayan aiki masu dacewa. Fitilolin da tsayin 60 da 120 cm a baya an yi musu lakabi da 20 W da 40 W, bi da bi. Fitilolin Amurka: 17 W (kimanin 60 cm), 32 W (kimanin 120 cm), da sauransu Don T5 (Ø kusan 16 mm, G5 tushe): 8 W (kimanin. 29 cm), 14 W (kimanin. 55 cm), 21 W (kimanin. 85 cm), 28 W. 115 cm (kimanin 24 cm), 55 W. cm), 39 W (kimanin 85 cm), 54 W (kimanin 115 cm). Har ila yau, akwai fitilun Amurka 15 W (kimanin 30 cm), 24 W (kimanin 60 cm), da dai sauransu. Ƙananan fitilu masu haske E27 suna samuwa a cikin nau'i masu zuwa: 13W, 15W, 20W, 23W, 26W. Ƙananan fitilun fitilu TC-L (2G11 tushe) suna samuwa a cikin 24 W (kimanin 36 cm) da 55 W (kimanin 57 cm). Ƙananan fitilu masu kyalli TC-S (G23 tushe) suna samuwa a cikin nau'in 11 W (kwalwa kamar 20 cm). Ana samun fitilun ƙarfe masu rarrafe na ƙarfe a cikin 35W (mini), 35W, 50W, 70W (tabo), 70W ( ambaliyar ruwa), 100W, da 150W ( ambaliyar ruwa). Fitila " ambaliyar ruwa" daban da "tabo" (na al'ada) kwan fitila ya karu a diamita. Fitilar mercury mai ƙarfi (ba tare da ƙari ba) don dabbobi masu rarrafe suna samuwa a cikin nau'ikan masu zuwa: 70W, 80W, 100W, 125W, 160W da 300W.
• A kan bakan: 2% zuwa 14% UVB. Don kunkuru, ana amfani da fitilu daga 5% UVB zuwa 14%. Ta zabar fitila tare da UV 10-14 kuna tabbatar da tsawon rayuwa. Kuna iya rataye shi da farko sama, sannan ku rage shi. Koyaya, 10% UVB na fitilar T5 yana samar da ƙarin ƙarfi fiye da fitilar T8, kuma kashi ɗaya na UVB na iya bambanta ga fitilun 2 daga masana'antun daban-daban.
• Ta farashi: A mafi yawan lokuta, mafi tsada su ne T5 fitilu da compacts, kuma T8 fitilu sun fi rahusa. Fitila daga China sun fi arha, amma sun fi fitilun Turai (Arcadia) da Amurka (Zomed).

Inda za a saka fitulun UV masu amfani? Kada a jefa fitilun Mercury cikin shara! Mercury na cikin sinadarai masu guba na rukunin haɗari na farko. Ko da yake shakar mercury ba ya kisa nan take, a zahiri ba ya fita daga jiki. Bugu da ƙari, bayyanar da mercury a cikin jiki yana da tasiri mai yawa. Lokacin da aka shaka, tururin mercury yana shiga cikin kwakwalwa da koda; m guba yana haifar da lalata huhu. Alamun farko na guba na mercury ba takamaiman ba ne. Saboda haka, wadanda abin ya shafa ba sa danganta su da ainihin dalilin rashin lafiyar su, suna ci gaba da rayuwa da aiki a cikin yanayi mai guba. Mercury yana da haɗari musamman ga mace mai ciki da tayin, tunda wannan ƙarfe yana toshe samuwar ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi a cikin kwakwalwa kuma ana iya haihuwar yaron a cikin jahilci. Lokacin da fitila mai ɗauke da mercury ta karye, tururin mercury yana ƙazanta har zuwa mita 30 a kewaye. Mercury yana shiga tsire-tsire da dabbobi, wanda ke nufin za su kamu da cutar. Lokacin cin tsire-tsire da dabbobi, mercury yana shiga jikin mu. ==> Wuraren tattara fitila

Menene zan yi idan fitilar ta tashi? Wani ɗan flicker yana faruwa a safa (ƙarshen) na fitilar bututu, watau inda na'urorin lantarki suke. Wannan al'amari ya saba al'ada. Hakanan ana iya samun kyalkyali yayin fara sabon fitila, musamman a yanayin sanyi mara ƙarancin iska. Bayan dumama, fitarwar ta daidaita kuma flicker mara nauyi ya ɓace. Duk da haka, idan fitilar ba kawai ta yi kyalkyali ba, amma ba ta fara ba, sai ta yi walƙiya, sannan ta sake fita kuma wannan ya ci gaba da fiye da dakika 3, to, fitilar ko fitilar (starter) tana da kuskure.

Wadanne fitilu ba su dace da kunkuru ba?

• shuɗi fitilu don dumama, magani;
• fitilu na ultraviolet don kudi;
• fitilun ma'adini;
• kowane fitulun likita;
• fitilu don kifi, shuke-shuke;
• fitilu ga amphibians, tare da bakan ƙasa da 5% UVB;
• fitilun inda ba a kayyade adadin UVB ba, watau fitilun tubular na al'ada, kamar Cameleon;
• fitilu don bushewa kusoshi.

Mahimmin bayani!

1. Yi hankali lokacin yin oda daga Amurka! Ana iya tsara fitilu don 110 V, ba 220 V. Dole ne a haɗa su ta hanyar mai canza wutar lantarki daga 220 zuwa 110 V. 
2. E27 m fitilu sukan ƙone saboda tashin wuta. Babu irin wannan matsala tare da fitilun tube.

Kunkuru sun dace da fitilun UV masu zuwa:

Kunkuru sun dace da fitulun da ke da kusan 30% UVA da 10-14% UVB a cikin bakan su. Ya kamata a rubuta wannan akan marufi na fitilar. Idan ba a rubuta ba, to yana da kyau kada ku sayi irin wannan fitilar ko don bayyana game da shi a kan dandalin (kafin siyan). A halin yanzu, T5 fitilu daga Arcadia, JBL, ZooMed suna dauke da mafi kyawun fitilu don dabbobi masu rarrafe, amma suna buƙatar inuwa na musamman tare da masu farawa.

Jajayen kunnuwa, Asiya ta Tsakiya, Marsh, da Rumunan kunkuru suna cikin yankin Fergusson 3. Don sauran nau'in kunkuru, duba shafukan jinsin.