Alopecia a cikin karnuka

Menene alopecia? Alopecia ita ce asarar gashi. Akwai mai da hankali da rarrabewa, mahara da guda ɗaya, mai kumburi da mara kumburi, mai ma'ana kuma ba. Wannan matsala ta zama ruwan dare a cikin karnuka. Dangane da yawaitar faruwar cututtukan fata, yana matsayi na biyu bayan ƙaiƙayi, kodayake ana iya haɗa shi da shi.

Alamomin alopecia

Mai shi na iya ganin wuri mara gashi akan fatar dabbar. Alopecia ba mai kumburi ba yana halin kawai ta rashin gashin gadi da rigar ƙasa. A lokaci guda, fata a cikin wannan yanki ya dubi lafiya. Tare da alopecia mai kumburi, itching yana da yawa sau da yawa, lambar ta yi ja, ana iya ganin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan: ɓawon burodi, yashwa, ulcers, papules da pustules. Idan bayyanar alopecia yana hade da cututtuka na tsarin, to, ƙarin bayyanar cututtuka na iya kasancewa, alal misali, rashin tausayi, asarar ci.

Rarrabe nau'ikan alopecia

Akwai nau'ikan rarrabuwa da yawa na alopecia a cikin karnuka:

• ta asali (mai kumburi da rashin kumburi);
• ta wurin zama (multifocal, symmetrically bilateral, local);
• ta lokacin bayyanar (haihuwa da samu).

Wahala wajen kafa nau'in alopecia ya taso ne daga rashin tsarin rabe-rabe daya, yawan sanadi da alamomin cutar.

Dalilan bayyanar 

Duk nau'ikan abubuwan da ke haifar da alopecia ana iya rage su zuwa rukuni biyu. Alopecia yana faruwa a kan dalilai masu zuwa:

• hormonal;
• wadanda ba na hormonal ba.

Waɗannan ƙungiyoyin suna da sifofin halayensu - tare da tabarbarewar hormonal, an lura da samuwar foci mai ma'ana. Tare da yanayin da ba na hormonal ba na alopecia, foci suna cikin dazuzzuka. Wani rashin lafiyan halayen ga gabatarwar kwayoyi ko a wurin da aka gabatar da kwayar cutar ta bayyana kanta a cikin hanyar mayar da hankali guda ɗaya. Abubuwan da ba na hormonal ba na asarar gashi a cikin karnuka sun haɗa da:

• rashin lafiyan halayen (abinci, miyagun ƙwayoyi, zazzabin hay, lamba, cizon ƙwayoyin cuta masu shan jini);
• cututtuka na kwayan cuta da fungal;
• cututtuka na parasitic;
• kumburi da gland na fata;
• depigmentation na fata (vitiligo);
• karancin zinc.

Nau'o'i da dalilan alopecia

Akwai nau'o'i da dalilai masu yawa na alopecia. Yi la'akari da abubuwan da suka fi kowa da kuma waɗanda ba safai ba. Har ila yau, akwai adadin alopecia da ba su dace ba ko kuma ba sa buƙatar magani.

• Parasites. Dalilan gama gari na alopecia. Bugu da ƙari, masu laifi na iya zama ba kawai fleas da mites demodectic ba, wanda ke haifar da itching da kai-saukar da alopecia, amma har da sauran kwari: kwari, midges, sauro.

• Atopic dermatitis. Saboda itching, kare yana samun alopecia, sau da yawa asymmetric da kumburi. Halayen alamomin asibiti sune raunuka (a farkon cutar shine erythema, daga baya, a matsayin mai mulkin, za a kara bayyanar cututtuka na cututtuka na biyu da alamun kumburi na kullum - lichenification da hyperpigmentation) wanda yake a kan muzzle (a kusa da idanu, a kan idanu). lebe), a cikin makwancin gwaiwa da hammata, a kusa da dubura , da kuma a cikin tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsaki da tashar mai ji. Kuma ba shakka itching.

• Dermatophytosis. Dermatophytosis kamuwa da cuta ne na fata, gashi, da kusoshi wanda fungi na kwayar halittar Microsporum, Trichophiton, ko Epidermophyton ke haifarwa. Alamun gargajiya sun haɗa da faci na alopecia da ƙwanƙwasa, yawanci akan fuska, kai, da ƙafafu. Itching da kumburi yawanci kadan ne, amma lokaci-lokaci nau'ikan pruritic, pustular, da ɓarke ​​​​na iya kwatanta rashin lafiyar jiki, parasitosis, miliary dermatitis, pyoderma, ko pemphigus foliaceus.

• Alopecia X. X (X) - tun da ainihin dalilin ci gaba har yanzu ba a san shi ba. Yawancin lokaci yana tasowa a cikin karnuka kamar spitz. Alopecia ba mai kumburi bane a yanayi. Asarar gashi ya fi yawa akan wutsiya da gangar jikin.

• Alopecia bayan aski. Yana tasowa a cikin karnuka bayan yankan na'ura. Dalilan ba su cika bayyana ba. Alopecia ba mai kumburi ba ne. Yana iya zama mai siffar da ba ta dace ba, yawa daban-daban. Wool ya fara girma da kansa bayan watanni 3-6.

• Tashin hankali alopecia. An kafa shi a wurin tashin hankali da yawa na ulu. Ana iya danganta shi da samuwar tangles. Hakanan yana faruwa a cikin karnuka waɗanda aka ɗaure wutsiyoyinsu da aladun da yawa a kawunansu, kamar Yorkshire Terriers da Maltese. Tare da tsari mai tsawo, gashi bazai yi girma ba.

• Alopecia cyclic a gefe. Yawancin lokaci yana nuna yanayin yanayi, yana bayyana a ƙarshen kaka kuma yana girma ulu kusa da lokacin rani. Cin nasara yayi kama da taswirar yanki. Ba a buƙatar magani.

• Diluted alopecia. Autoimmune Pathology wanda baya buƙatar magani. Sau da yawa yana tasowa a cikin karnuka tare da wasu takamaiman tabarau na ulu - lilac, blue.

• Tsarin alopecia. Alopecia mara kumburi. Wani lokaci ana iya samun ɗan bawon fata. Toy, dachshunds, Italiyanci Greyhounds, Whippets, Boston Terriers sun fi sauƙi. Yankunan hypotrichosis da alopecia sun riga sun bayyana tun suna ƙuruciya kuma suna iya ci gaba a kan lokaci. Cutar tana da alamun alamun raunuka da aka iyakance ga wasu sassan jiki. Akwai manyan cututtuka guda uku a cikin ƙirar alopecia: pinna alopecia, alopecia na ventral, da alopecia cinya caudal. Ba a buƙatar magani.

• Follicular dysplasia na gashi. Cutar da ba kasafai ba ce, mai saurin tasowa wacce rashin aiki na follicles ke haifar da asarar gashi da kuma rushewar tsarin gashi. Babu takamaiman magani ga follicular dysplasia. Farfadowa ya dogara ne akan magance fata don kula da sabunta fata na yau da kullun da ci gaban follicular na yau da kullun, da kuma sarrafa kamuwa da cuta ta biyu. 

• Alopecia a wurin allurar. Mafi sau da yawa yana tasowa tare da kulawar subcutaneous na magungunan da ke dauke da progesterone, glucocorticosteroids ko allurar rabies, da kuma gabatar da wasu maganin rigakafi.

• Adenitis na sebaceous gland shine yake. Fassara mai laushi zuwa mai tsanani. A cikin karnuka masu gajeren gashi, ma'auni yawanci sirara ne kuma ba sa manne da fata sosai. A cikin karnuka masu dogon gashi, ma'auni suna manne da gashi sosai, kuma gashin yana iya zama maras kyau, bushe, ko mated; sau da yawa akwai follicular simintin gyaran kafa. Islet (a cikin gajerun nau'ikan gashi) ko yaduwa (a cikin nau'ikan masu dogon gashi) ana yawan ganin alopecia. Ya fi kowa a Poodles da Akitas, amma yana iya faruwa a kowane irin.

• Hyperestrogenism. Ƙaruwar hormones na jima'i na mata a cikin maza yana iya haifar da alopecia ko hypotrichosis, yawanci akan ciki da kuma cikin makwancin gwaiwa. Hakanan akwai raguwa na prepuce, hyperplasia na glandan mammary.

• Hyperadrenocorticism. Tare da hyperfunction na adrenal gland, ciki sags, tsokoki atrophy, da kuma daidaitacce marasa kumburi alopecia faruwa.

• Hypothyroidism. Ragewar hormones na thyroid yana haifar da bayyanar facin gashi. Alopecia mai kauri, mai launin fata, da sanyin fata (myxedema) alama ce ta gargajiya. Matsalolin dermatological na yau da kullun sun haɗa da bushewa, gaggautsa, riguna mara nauyi, seborrhea, scaling, hyperpigmentation, da cututtuka na biyu. Alopecia na iya iyakance ga wutsiya da gada na hanci.

• Zinc-dogara dermatosis a cikin karnuka. Cutar da ba kasafai take samu ba a cikin karnuka sakamakon karancin zinc ko dangi. Akwai nau'i biyu na wannan cuta. Ana lura da ciwon I a cikin abinci tare da abun ciki na zinc na yau da kullun. A kusa da baki, idanu, akan kunci da kunnuwa, erythema, alopecia, samuwar scabs (crusts), peeling da suppuration ana lura da su (tare da ƙari na kamuwa da cuta na biyu). Da farko, raunin fata yana faruwa a cikin yankin kai, amma raunin fata yana yiwuwa a wuraren matsa lamba - gwiwar hannu, hocks, da kuma a cikin al'aura da dubura. Rigar tana iya yi kama da bushewa. Tare da dogon lokaci rashin zinc, rashi nauyi, tabarbarewar warkar da rauni, kumburi da membranes na ido da cornea yana yiwuwa. 

kanikancin

Kamar yadda kuka riga kuka gani, akwai matsaloli da yawa waɗanda ke bayyana alopecia. Yawancin nau'ikan ba sa buƙatar magani. Duk da haka, ana buƙatar ganewar asali, tun da yake yana iya zama da wuya a iya ƙayyade nau'in ta ido. Don sanin dalilai da nau'in alopecia, suna amfani da daidaitattun hanyoyin bincike na dermatological, irin su gogewar fata, hasken fitilar itace, trichoscopy gashi daga wurare masu lafiya. Binciken cytological da histological na fata. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya buƙatar gwajin jini, duka daidaitattun kuma don gano canje-canje a matakan hormone, duban dan tayi.

Jiyya

Ana buƙatar magani don kawar da dalilin. Dangane da dalilin, yana yiwuwa a rubuta magani ga ectoparasites, kawar da abinci. Hormone far, idan ya cancanta. Don maganin x-alopecia, tiyata ko simintin sinadarai ana amfani da shi da farko, galibi yana ba da sakamako mai kyau, amma yana iya zama na ɗan lokaci kawai. Yawancin masu mallaka sun yanke shawarar kada su yi gwaji tare da magani, saboda matsalar ita ce kawai lahani na kwaskwarima. Jiyya na alopecia mai tsanani dole ne ya faru tare da sa hannun likitan dabbobi. Wasu cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ko endocrine na iya haifar da tabarbarewar yanayin dabbobi da sauri, don haka kar a ɗauke su tare da maganin kai.