Siffofin wakilan ajin amphibian da yadda kwadi ya bambanta da toad

Bisa ga ka'idar juyin halitta gaba ɗaya, rayuwa a duniya ta samo asali ne daga zurfin teku. Shekaru miliyoyi da yawa, a cikin ci gaba da gwagwarmayar wanzuwa, nau'ikan sun bayyana kuma suka ɓace, suna ba da hanya ga sababbi, mafi kamala, suna da mafi kyawun hanyoyin rayuwa. Kuma na dogon lokaci, ga nau'ikan nau'ikan dabbobi iri-iri, kawai wurin zama a duniyar nan shine sinadarin ruwa. Amma lokaci ya yi kuma an fara ci gaban kasa. Majagaba masu matsananciyar hankali sannu a hankali, daga tsara zuwa tsara, sun canza, kawar da abubuwan da ba dole ba kuma suna samun abin da ake buƙata don rayuwa mai daɗi daga cikin ruwa: fins sun juya zuwa paws, wani sabon sashin numfashi ya bayyana don maye gurbin gills - huhu.

A yau, dabi'a ta bijiro da hasashe tare da ɗimbin yawa da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan halittu masu ban sha'awa a cikin yanayin ruwa da kuma saman duniya, kuma abubuwan da suka gabata sun shiga zurfin da ba za a iya isa gare su ba, wanda ke da wuya a yi imani da ingancin ka'idar idan babu. tabbataccen shaida. Amma akwai shaida, kuma waɗannan ba kayan tarihi ba ne kwata-kwata, amma halittun da kowa ya sani.

Yana da game da aji amphibians ko amphibians. Kimiyya ta yi iƙirarin cewa wakilan wannan ajin su ne tsaka-tsaki tsakanin kifi da dabbobi masu rarrafe. Wanene ya hada wannan ajin? Ee, mafi yawan nau'in amphibian sune kwadi da toads. Tabbas, a cikin rayuwar kowane nau'in, metamorphosis mai ban mamaki yana faruwa: Canji daga cikin wata dabba da kuma wadatattun dabbobi tare da huhu da kuma huhun da aka haɓaka. Kuma wannan ba nuni ne karara na fitowar kifi zuwa kasa ba?

Siffofin halaye masu ban sha'awa waɗanda ke bambanta wakilan aji na amphibians daga sauran dabbobi. Tsakanin su haskaka manyan abubuwan:

• haifuwa ta ƙwai da aka sa a cikin ruwa,
• numfashi tare da gills - a cikin mataki na tadpoles,
• canzawa zuwa numfashi tare da huhu a matakin fita daga ruwa,
• da ikon numfashi ta saman fata,
• rashin gashi, gashinsa ko sikeli a fata.

Bayan samun saba da ajin amphibian, babu makawa tambaya ta taso, wanda bambanci tsakanin toads da kwadi. Kuma, ya zama, ba shi da wahala a gane bambance-bambancen, kawai duba da kyau.

Babban Bambanci Tsakanin Kwadi da Toads

Appearance

Ya kasance alamomin waje da yawa masu bayyanawa, yana sauƙaƙa bambance kwadi da toads:

• Abu na farko da ke jan hankali shine fata. A cikin kwadi, yana da santsi, m, rigar. Ruwan ruwa akai-akai yana kula da iyawar kwadi don shaƙa ta cikin fata. A cikin toads, fata ya bushe, keratinized, an rufe shi da tubercles, wanda, lokacin da ya yi fushi, ya ɓoye ƙwayar cuta mai guba. Toads ba su da ikon yin numfashi ta fatar jikinsu. Tsarin numfashi na manya yana samar da huhu.
• Kalar fatar kwadi koriya ce, wanda ya dogara da wurin da suke zaune, domin galibin lokacinsu ne a cikin ruwa, a cikin korayen shuke-shuken fadama. Ƙwayoyin ƙasa suna da launin ruwan kasa, wanda ya ba su damar zama marar ganuwa, haɗuwa tare da ƙasa, zaune a cikin rami mai laushi a lokacin rana. Ga ƙwanƙwasa, ƙaho yana da mahimmanci musamman, tunda ba ya zama kusa da ruwa, inda zai iya nutsewa idan akwai haɗari, kuma ba ya iya tsalle kamar kwadi.
• Akwai bambanci mai ban mamaki a cikin tsarin jiki. Matsakaicin kwaɗin ya fi tsayi, tare da ɗaga kai sama kuma ya miƙa gaba. Godiya ga dogayen kafafunsa masu tsayi da karfi, yana kama da juriya, bazara, kuma yana da matukar ikon motsawa da sauri tare da manyan tsalle. Toad, a gefe guda, ya bayyana a kwance, tsuguna, da kuma m. Jikinta ya matse k'asa, kan ta a kwance, qafafunta gajere da rauni. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa toad ɗin ya kusan motsawa, kawai lokaci-lokaci yana yin tsalle mai nauyi.
• Idan ka yi nazari a hankali na kwarya, za ka ga cewa almajirinta, ba kamar kwaɗi ba, yana da tsayi, wanda ke da alaƙa da salon rayuwa.
• Daya daga cikin tabbatattun alamomin da ke bambanta kwadi da yatsa shine hakora. Kusan duk nau'in kwadi suna da ƙananan hakora, yayin da kwaɗi ba su da su.

Life

Kwadi na ciyar da mafi yawan rayuwarsu a cikin ruwa, suna farauta da rana, sun fi son kama kwari masu tashi ko ƙananan tsuntsayen ruwa. Bayan angama wa'azin kida, bacci ya kwashe su har safe. Toads, akasin haka, suna ɓoye a cikin ƙasa yayin rana, kuma tafi farauta da dare, tare da babban jin daɗin cin slugs, beetles, larvae da caterpillars, wanda, ta hanyar, yana ba da taimako mai mahimmanci ga mutane a cikin yaki da kwari na lambuna da gonaki.

Sake bugun

Kwadi da kwadi biyu suna haifuwa ta hanyar kwanciya. Idan slimy lumps suna shawagi a saman tafki, to tabbas wannan shine caviar da aka shimfiɗa ta kwaɗo. Toads suna yin ƙwai a cikin nau'in zaren dogayen zaren da ke nannade kewayen tudun algae. An san wasu nau'ikan don nuna kulawa ta musamman ga zuriya.

Misali, toad namiji, gama gari a Turai. zaren iska tare da ƙwai a ƙafa kuma yana zaune a cikin rami na ƙasa yana jiran farkon ƙyanƙyashe, bayan haka ya ɗauki 'ya'yan a cikin tafki. Kuma wakilin toads daga Latin Amurka ya bambanta da gaskiyar cewa yana ɗauke da zuriya a cikin ciki na musamman a baya. Wannan yana ba da dama da yawa don rayuwar matasa dabbobi, saboda akwai da yawa masoya na sabo caviar zaune a cikin ruwa.

Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa duk kwadi da kwadi da ke zaune a tsakiyar latitudes ba kawai marasa lahani bane ga ɗan adam, amma kuma suna da amfani sosai, ban da, idan kuka yi la’akari da su, za ku ga cewa suna da kyau sosai.