Wurin zama na farin Crane

An riga an sanya nau'ikan dabbobi da tsirrai da yawa a cikin Jajayen Littafin. Wannan yana nufin cewa wasu nau'ikan suna cikin haɗari. Cranes na Siberiya, yawan cranes waɗanda kawai za a iya samu a Rasha, yanzu sun zo kusa da irin wannan gefen mai haɗari.

Shin kun san wanda muke nufi da kalmar "sterkh"? Crane Siberian yana daya daga cikin manyan wakilan nau'in crane. Amma ya zuwa yanzu ba a san da yawa game da wannan nau'in ba.

Bari mu dubi shi sosai. Da farko, an jawo hankali ga bayyanar tsuntsu. Crane na Siberiya ya fi sauran cranes girma, a wasu wuraren ya kai tsayin mita 1,5, kuma nauyinsa yana tsakanin kilogiram biyar zuwa takwas. Tsawon fuka-fuki yana da santimita 200-230, gwargwadon yawan jama'a. Jiragen nesa ba su dace da wannan nau'in ba; sun gwammace kada su bar yankinsu, inda suke da gida da iyali.

Za ku gane wannan tsuntsu ta doguwar jajayen baki, mai kaifi mai kaifi a saman, suna taimaka masa wajen ciyarwa. Har ila yau, Crane na Siberian ya bambanta da kasancewar inuwa mai haske na fata a kusa da idanu da kuma kusa da baki, amma babu gashinsa. Shi ya sa ake ganin crane daga nesa. Da yake magana game da launi da sauran siffofi, Ina so in ƙara dogayen kafafu masu launin ruwan hoda, jeri biyu na gashin fuka-fuki a jiki, da duhu orange spots wanda zai iya zama a jiki da wuyan cranes na wannan nau'in a cikin jerin.

A cikin manya na Siberian Cranes, idanu sau da yawa suna rawaya, yayin da aka haifi kajin tare da idanu masu launin shuɗi, waɗanda ke canza launi kawai bayan rabin shekara. Matsakaicin rayuwar wannan nau'in shine shekaru ashirin, kuma ba a ƙirƙiri wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan ba. Shugaban Siberiya Cranes yana bambanta ta hanyar yanki kuma yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin ƙasar Rasha, ba tare da barin shi ba.

A zamanin yau, kash, cranes na Yammacin Siberiya na gab da bacewa, akwai kawai 20 daga cikinsu. Wannan shi ne alhakin Asusun Kula da Cranes na kasa da kasa, wanda ya bayyana tun da daɗewa - a cikin 1973, kuma an yi kira da ya sa ido kan wannan matsala.

Kamar yadda muka riga muka rubuta a nan, farin crane yana ba da kayan gida ne kawai a cikin Rasha, amma da zarar ya yi sanyi kuma sanyi ya fara, suna tururuwa don neman yanayi mai zafi. Mafi sau da yawa, Siberiya Cranes lokacin hunturu a kusa da gaɓar Tekun Caspian, ko a cikin swamps na Indiya, wani lokacin kuma a arewa a Iran. Cranes suna tsoron mutane, kuma wannan ya dace, tunda ana samun mafarauta a kowane lokaci.

Amma da zaran bazara ya zo, kuma tare da shi yana ɗumamawa, Cranes na Siberiya sun koma wuraren zama. Ainihin yankunan da suke zama sune Jamhuriyar Komi, arewa maso gabashin Yakutia da Arkhangelsk. Abin mamaki, suna da wuyar gani a wasu wurare.

Wuraren da aka fi so ga Cranes na Siberiya sune fadama da wuraren fadama, musamman, tundra da kauri. Wataƙila kuna sha'awar abin da farin cranes ke amfani da shi a rubuce. Abincinsu ya bambanta, kuma ya ƙunshi duka ciyayi da nama: ban da reeds, ciyayi na ruwa da wasu nau'ikan berries, suna cinye kifi, rodents da beetles ba tare da jin daɗi ba. Amma a cikin hunturu, kasancewa daga gida, suna cin tsire-tsire ne kawai.

A lokacin hijira, waɗannan halittu masu girma ba sa taɓa lambuna da filayen mutane, domin Yakut ba su da wani abu a kan cewa cranes suna zaɓar yankunansu don lokacin sanyi.

Kamar yadda aka sani, saboda barazanar bacewar jama'a a Yakutia, an kafa ajiyar ƙasa. Cranes na Siberiya da yawa sun sami matsuguni a wurin, waɗanda yanzu ke ɓoye daga mafarauta da bala'o'i.

Mutane da yawa sun san cewa akwai gabas da yammacin Siberian Cranes, bambanci tsakanin su ne kawai a wurin da gidajensu. Yana da matukar tayar da hankali cewa su biyun suna raguwa: babu fiye da 3000 da suka rage. Me yasa yawan fararen cranes ke raguwa da sauri? Abin ban mamaki, ba farauta ba ne babban dalili, amma yanayin yanayi da mummunan yanayi, sanyi da sanyi.

Yankunan da cranes ke zaune suna canzawa, wanda shine dalilin da ake buƙatar ajiyar kuɗi da kuma fitowar wurare masu kyau da kuma dacewa don mazaunin al'ada na waɗannan tsuntsaye. Don lokacin hunturu, yawancin Cranes na Siberiya sun tashi zuwa kasar Sin, inda, saboda ci gaban fasaha da kimiyya, wuraren da suka dace da rayuwar tsuntsaye suna ɓacewa da sauri. Dangane da yankunan Pakistan, Rasha da Afganistan, mafarauta na barazana ga kurayen da ke wurin.

Ayyukan kiyaye yawan fararen cranes shine fifiko a yau. An yanke wannan shawarar ne a lokacin amincewa da Yarjejeniyar Kare Dabbobin da ke Kaura zuwa Wasu Yankuna. Masana kimiyya da yawa daga ƙasashen da Cranes na Siberiya ke zaune a duk bayan shekaru biyu suna yin taro don tattauna sabbin hanyoyin kiyayewa da kare tsuntsayen da ke cikin haɗari.

Idan aka yi la'akari da duk waɗannan abubuwan ban takaici, an ƙirƙiri aikin Sterkh kuma yana aiki, kuma babban aikinsa shine adanawa da haɓaka wannan nau'in cranes da ba kasafai ba, da daidaita ikonsu na haifuwa irin nasu da haɓaka adadin mutane.

A ƙarshe, ga duk abin da muka sani, Ina kuma so in lura cewa gaskiyar ita ce kamar haka: akwai yiwuwar cewa Cranes na Siberiya ba da daɗewa ba za su ɓace. Don haka, wannan yanayin, a gaskiya, matsala ce ta duniya a matakin duniya. Ana kiyaye cranes ta kowace hanya mai yiwuwa kuma suna ƙoƙarin kiyaye lambobin su, a hankali suna ƙaruwa.