Hamster Eversmann

Hamsters na cikin tsari na rodents, dangin hamster. Gabaɗaya, akwai kusan nau'ikan waɗannan dabbobi 250 a duniyarmu, biyu daga cikinsu na cikin hamsters na Eversmann. Suna kama da juna a bayyanar kuma suna da siffofi na halitta gama gari. Eversmann's hamster da Mongolian mazaunan steppe ne marasa lahani da kyawawan dabbobi. An ba wa jinsin sunan sunan shahararren matafiyi da masanin dabbobi na Rasha - Eversmann EA

Siffofin bayyanar, abinci mai gina jiki da mazaunin rodents

Dukansu nau'ikan hamsters na halittar Eversmann suna da fasali gama gari da ƴan bambance-bambance kaɗan, godiya ga abin da aka raba su zuwa sassa daban-daban.

Bayani da fasali na mazaunin dabbobi

Hamster Mongolian yana kama da girman da linzamin kwamfuta, amma dan kadan ya fi girma. Bayanin dabba yana farawa da girman. Tsawon daga kambi zuwa saman wutsiya da wuya ya wuce 15 cm. Gajerun wutsiya suna girma har zuwa 2 cm. A gindinsa akwai gashin gashi mai girman cm 1. Tufafin yana da haske ba tare da tabo masu duhu ba halayen nau'in akan ƙirji. Ciki, saman ciki na wutsiya da ƙafafu fari ne.

Abincin da aka saba da shi na dabba shine ƙananan kwari, sabo ne ganye da tushen. Dabbobin suna da hankali sosai kuma suna hannu. Rodentaya daga cikin Mongoliya yana iya mamaye yanki ɗaya tare da diamita na 400 m. Wurin zama ya bayyana dalilin da yasa jinsin ya sami sunansa - yankin Mongoliya na zamani, arewacin kasar Sin, da yankunan kudancin Tuva. Dabbobi sun fi son ƙasa mai yashi, don haka ana samun su galibi a cikin hamada da sahara. Abinda ke ƙayyade shine kasancewar saltwort da amfanin gona na hatsi, wanda Mongolian hamster yana son cin abinci mafi yawa.

Bayanin Eversmann hamster bai bambanta da na Mongolian ba. Tsawon rodent yana daga 100 zuwa 160 mm, wutsiya har zuwa 30 mm. Jawo gajere ne, fari mai laushi, baƙar fata, yashi, ja ko cakuda duk waɗannan inuwar tare da farin ciki da alamar launin ruwan kasa a kan kirji. Idan ka kalli hamster zaune, ƙila ba za ka lura da launin fari na ƙananan ɓangaren wutsiya ba. Farin tafin hannu suna da tubercles na yatsa. Kwanyar kwanyar tana kunkuntar zuwa yankin hanci, wanda saboda haka maƙarƙashiyar tana da siffar nuna alama. Kunnuwa gajere ne, masu gashi.

Wurin zama wanda Eversmann hamster ya saba da shi shine rabin hamada, hamada, steppes tare da amfanin gona na hatsi, ƙasashen budurwa, lasa gishiri. Babban yanayin shi ne cewa ƙasa kada ta kasance da yawa sosai. Wurin zama ya hada da yankin da ke tsakanin kogin Volga da Irtysh, zuwa kasashen Mongolian da kasar Sin a gabas. Bugu da ari a cikin wannan shugabanci, kewayon nau'in da suka gabata ya fara. A arewa, iyakar tana gudana a yankin Chelyabinsk har zuwa Kazakhstan tare da Kogin Tobol da kuma Tekun Caspian a kudu. Ƙungiyoyin Ural da Ustyurt ne ke ƙayyade iyakokin yamma.

Abincin hamster yana kunshe da tsaba na shuke-shuken daji ko noma. Daga abincin dabba, rodent ya fi son voles, ƙananan squirrels na ƙasa, kajin ƙananan tsuntsaye.

Siffofin ayyukan tattalin arziki

Dabbobin jinsin da ake la'akari da su suna jagorantar rayuwar dare da faɗuwar rana. Kayan aiki a sauƙaƙe. Hamster ya tono rami mara zurfi tare da rassa da yawa. Babban ƙofar yana da tsayin cm 30 kawai.

Rodents na iya yin hibernate ko kuma kawai rage ayyukansu a lokacin sanyi. Dabbobin gida ba sa barci.

Nazarin ayyukan tattalin arziki na hamsters na waɗannan nau'ikan ba su tabbatar da rawar da cutar ta yi ba, da kuma haifar da babbar illa ga noman hatsi.

Bambance-bambance tsakanin Eversmann hamster da Mongolian

Menene bambanci tsakanin jinsuna biyu na iyali ɗaya na hamsters?

•  Launin gashi. Rogon Mongolian ya fi sauƙi, ba shi da tabo mai duhu akan ƙirji;
•  Hamster Eversmann na iya girma kadan fiye da ɗan'uwansa;
•  Dabbar Mongolian ta bambanta dangane da tsarin ciki na ganguna na saurare, wanda ya fi kumbura. Wannan yana ba shi damar samun damar ji ta nesa mai nisa da kuma guje wa haɗari mai yuwuwa.

Siffofin haifuwa da dalilan bacewar iyali

Duk da rashin daidaituwa na yanayin rayuwa da abinci, a wasu yankuna na Rasha, an haɗa dabbobin a cikin Red Book. Dalilan bacewar hamster na Eversmann shine amfani da takin zamani da mutane ke yi a cikin kasa. Ana kuma bincika ka'idar game da yuwuwar canje-canje a cikin shimfidar wuri da yanayin yanayi na yankunan mazauni, da iyakataccen adadin biotopes masu dacewa a gefuna na kewayon.

Ba a yi barazanar hamsters tare da ƙarewa da ƙarewa ba, yayin da mutane ke yin ƙoƙari don adana bambancin halittu a duniya. A cikin Chelyabinsk yankin akwai Red Book, inda Eversmann's hamster aka lura a matsayin rare jinsuna na uku category. Anan dabbobin suna da kariya ta Arkaim Reserve Museum.

A cikin ni'imar kariya daga bacewa shine kyakkyawan fecundity na rodents. Daga tsakiyar bazara zuwa Satumba, mace ɗaya tana iya kawo har zuwa lita 3 na 'ya'yan 15. Yanayin rayuwa yana shafar adadin zuriya. Idan akwai rashin abinci, yanayin sanyi mai sanyi ko yanayin rayuwa mai wahala, ana iya samun ƙananan yara, kusan mutane 5-7. Matsakaicin rayuwar rayuwa na hamster na nau'in da aka kwatanta shine daga shekaru 2 zuwa 3, a gida - har zuwa shekaru 4.

Kulawar rodent na cikin gida

Hamsters na Eversmann Genus suna da kyakkyawan mazauna gida. Suna da sauƙin kulawa kuma suna da kyau a cikin bauta. Abubuwan da ke cikin dabbobin wannan nau'in ba shi da bambanci da wani. Kwangi mai dadi tare da motar gudu da gidan da aka rufe don barci, kwanon sha, mai ba da abinci, kayan haɗi, da kuma ciyarwa na yau da kullum da tsaftace bayan gida shine mabuɗin rayuwa mai tsawo da farin ciki na rodent.

Gidan hamster ya kamata ya kasance daga hasken rana kai tsaye, dole ne a shayar da shi akai-akai. Wani lokaci za ku iya shirya don dabbobinku suyi tafiya zuwa "'yanci" a kusa da ɗakin. Ana ciyar da abinci tare da abinci na musamman, sau biyu a rana, a lokaci guda.

Eversmann hamsters sanannen nau'in rodent ne wanda galibi ana ajiye shi a gida. Suna da kyau, marasa lahani, suna ba da yawancin motsin rai mai dadi. Dabbobin abokantaka sun zama fitattun dabbobin yara da manya. Kulawa da kyau da kuma kulawa mai kyau zai ba su damar faranta wa masu mallakar su rai na dogon lokaci.