Hibernation na kunkuru a gida: yadda kuma lokacin kunkuru hibernate (hoto)

Hibernation ko anabiosis yanayi ne na ilimin lissafi na dabbobi masu shayarwa da dabbobi masu rarrafe, wanda ya zama dole don kula da rayuwar dabba a cikin yanayi mara kyau. A cikin daji, kunkuru suna shiga cikin hunturu da lokacin rani, suna jira a cikin ƙasa don ƙarancin zafi ko matsanancin zafi. Dabbobin ado masu rarrafe waɗanda ke rayuwa a duk shekara a ƙarƙashin yanayi masu jin daɗi na iya ba su shaƙatawa duk rayuwarsu. Masu mallakar dabbobi masu ban sha'awa suna buƙatar sanin dalilin da yasa kunkuru na iya yin barci na dogon lokaci, kuma su iya gano daidai alamun rashin bacci.

Shin kunkuru na ado suna buƙatar yin hibernate?

Hibernation ko lokacin hunturu na kunkuru na daji ya faɗi akan lokacin rage zafin iska zuwa + 17-18C da rage sa'o'in hasken rana. Godiya ga yanayin anabiotic, dabbobi masu rarrafe suna rayuwa cikin nutsuwa da yawa watanni marasa kyau na shekara. A kan bango na rashin barci, tsarin jima'i na mata da maza suna daidaitawa, wanda ya zama dole don ƙarin jima'i da haihuwa. Anabiosis yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar rayuwar dabbobi da ka'idodin hormones.

Likitocin dabbobi gabaɗaya sun yi imanin cewa idan ba a shirya amfani da dabbar dabbar don yin kiwo ba, ba shi da daraja a ba ko kuma da gangan a hiberning dabbar.

Rashin bin ka'idodin hunturu ko shigar da dabba mara lafiya a cikin raye-rayen da aka dakatar yana tattare da haɓaka rikice-rikice ko mutuwar dabba mai ban mamaki. A gida, kunkuru suna yin hibernate a ƙarshen kaka, a watan Oktoba-Nuwamba, lokacin da aka sami raguwar tsawon sa'o'in hasken rana da raguwar zafin iska a waje da taga zuwa + 10-15C.

Tare da fitila mai kyalli da fitilar ultraviolet, kiyaye yanayin zafin iska a cikin terrarium da daidaitaccen abinci, mai rarrafe na iya zama a faɗake duk shekara.

Sabbin kunkuru na iya samun reflex hibernation, a cikin abin da ya zama dole don aika dabba daidai don hunturu.

Me ya kamata a yi don hana kunkuru daga hibernating?

Kuna iya hana kunkuru daga hibernating ta hanyar ƙara yawan zafin iska a cikin terrarium da akwatin kifaye zuwa darajar + 30-32C; Don kunkuru na ruwa, ruwan da ke cikin akwatin kifaye ya kamata ya zama akalla + 28C. Yana da mahimmanci cewa kafofin haske suna aiki na tsawon sa'o'i 10-12 domin dabbar ta sami isasshen zafi da haske. Idan a ƙarshen kaka kunkuru ya nuna alamun shirye-shirye don rashin barci, ana ba da shawarar cewa a ba dabbar allurar rigakafin bitamin.

Dabbobin ya kamata ya sami daidaitaccen abinci a cikin adadi mai yawa a cikin shekara don kada dabbar ta shiga cikin yanayin ceton makamashi. An shawarci kunkuru na ƙasa su yi wanka aƙalla sau 1-2 a mako. Tsarin tsabta yana motsa hanji kuma yana ƙara sautin jiki gaba ɗaya. Lokacin kiyaye ingantattun yanayi don kiyayewa da ciyarwa, motsin canji zuwa raye-rayen da aka dakatar yana ɓacewa a cikin dabbobi masu rarrafe tare da farkon yanayin sanyi.

alamun rashin bacci

Hibernation na kunkuru a gida ya kamata ya faru a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayin zafi da zafi, in ba haka ba akwai yiwuwar rashin lafiya ko ma mutuwar dabba a lokacin hunturu. Kuna iya fahimtar cewa kunkuru zai yi hibernate ta hanyar canza dabi'ar halitta mai kafa hudu:

• da farko, abincin dabba yana raguwa, wannan ya faru ne saboda raguwar yanayin zafi da rashin iya samun abinci;
• kunkuru na daji suna shawagi a cikin yashi mai danshi, wanda ke hana danshi fita daga jikin dabbar. A gida, dabba mai rarrafe tana aiki kamar danginsa: yana neman kusurwoyi mai ɓoye, yana tono ƙasa jika tare da tafukan sa, yana ƙoƙarin tonowa;
• anabiosis yana ci gaba tare da raguwar matakai masu mahimmanci da kiyaye makamashi, don haka motsi da halayen dabbobi masu rarrafe suna raguwa.

Kuna iya fahimtar cewa kunkuru yana yin shawagi ta hanyar alamomi masu zuwa:

• dabbar tana kallon barci: kai da gaɓoɓin sun koma cikin harsashi, idanu suna rufe;
• Dabbobin ba ya motsawa kuma baya ci;
• Idanun kunkuru a lokacin hibernation suna da tsaka-tsaki;
• numfashi sama-sama ne, kusan ba a iya ganewa.

Wani lokaci masu su kan fara firgita lokacin da suka sami dabba mara motsi. Domin kauce wa irreparable kurakurai, shi wajibi ne don sanin abin da dabba kama a cikin hibernation, da kuma yadda za a ƙayyade da mutuwar kunkuru.

Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar yin abubuwa masu zuwa:

• kawo madubi zuwa hancin dabba mai rarrafe, gilashin zai yi hazo daga numfashin dabbar barci;
• sanya cokali mai sanyi a kan idanun kunkuru, dabbar da ke raye ya kamata ya amsa ya bude idanunsa;
• kula da siffar idanu - kunkuru mai barci yana da rufaffiyar idanu, matacciyar dabba tana da idanu;
• kunkuru ya yi hibernates tare da ja da kafafuwansa da kansa; a cikin matattun dabbobi masu rarrafe, gaɓoɓi da wuyansu sun rataye ba rai a wajen harsashi.

Idan ya bayyana daga halin dabba mai rarrafe cewa dabba yana barin don hunturu, ya zama dole don shirya yanayi mafi kyau don shi da kuma kula da shi yadda ya kamata, in ba haka ba dabbar da aka fi so na iya mutuwa a lokacin hibernation.

Shiri don hunturu

Kunkuru manya suna barci na tsawon watanni 4-5 a cikin hunturu, hutun makonni 4 ya isa ga matasa. Idan mai rarrafe ya fara ci muni a cikin marigayi kaka, yayi ƙoƙari ya ɓoye a cikin kusurwar duhu, ya kwanta a cikin ramukan dug a cikin ƙasa, wajibi ne a nuna kunkuru ga herpetologist. Irin waɗannan alamun na iya nuna alamun bayyanar rashin lafiya mai tsanani wanda ke buƙatar magani na gaggawa. Lokacin tabbatar da lafiyar dabba, dole ne a shirya dabbar don yanayin da aka dakatar da tashin hankali:

• na makonni 4-6, ciyar da shayar da dabbobi masu rarrafe da yawa;
• Makonni 2 kafin canja wuri, ya kamata a canza yanayin barci zuwa yunwa don haka hanji ya sami lokaci don narkar da abubuwan gina jiki da aka samu;
• a cikin kwanaki 2 na ƙarshe, dole ne a wanke kunkuru na ƙasa a cikin wanka mai dumi don zubar da hanji;
• a cikin mako, sannu a hankali rage tsawon fitilun, rage yawan zafin jiki a cikin terrarium da akwatin kifaye zuwa 20C.

Kunkuru da aka shirya don hibernation sannu a hankali ana canza shi zuwa tsarin mulkin hunturu. Idan kunkuru ya riga ya huta, yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi mafi kyau.

An dasa kunkuru mai ruwa a cikin ƙaramin akwatin kifaye tare da yashi da aka zuba zuwa ƙasa mai tsayi 10 cm da ƙaramin adadin ruwa, dabbar ta fashe a cikin ƙasa yayin da ake yin hibernation, kamar a cikin rami. Ya kamata a kashe tsarin tsaftacewa don lokacin hunturu.

An sanya kunkuru na ƙasa a cikin filastik ko kwandon kwali tare da ramuka, an yi masa layi tare da sphagnum ko gansakuka don kula da yanayin da ake bukata na jikin mai rarrafe. Ya halatta a ajiye mai rarrafe a cikin ƙasa mai ɗanɗano wanda aka lulluɓe da haushi da ganye.

Yadda ake kula da mai rarrafe a lokacin hibernation

Dabbobi masu rarrafe suna barci a cikin hunturu a zazzabi na 8C, don haka ya zama dole don shirya ɗaki mai zafi mai zafi da zafin jiki wanda bai wuce 6-10C ba. Yana iya zama ginshiki, cellar, veranda na rani. A cikin yanayin ɗaki, an ba da izinin kiyaye kunkuru a cikin yanayin dakatar da raye-raye a cikin firiji ba tare da abinci ba, a cikin wannan yanayin wajibi ne a buɗe ƙofar kayan aikin gida na mintuna 10 kowace rana don yaɗa iska.

Kada a saukar da akwatin kifaye da aka shirya tare da kunkuru mai ruwa ko akwati tare da dabbobi masu rarrafe na ƙasa nan da nan a cikin ginshiƙi don guje wa hypothermia da haɓakar mura. A cikin kwanaki 10, dole ne a sake shirya kwantena tare da dabbobi a cikin dakuna 2-3 digiri ƙasa da na baya: alal misali, kwanaki biyu a kan tiled bene a digiri 18, kwanaki 3 kusa da baranda a 15-16C. Kwanaki 2 a kan veranda mai sanyi a 12-13C , sannan don duk lokacin hunturu a cikin ginshiki a 8-10C. Zazzabi a cikin ɗakin da dabbobi bai kamata a bar shi ya faɗi ƙasa da +1C ba, a 0C dabbobin suna mutuwa.

An haramta sosai don kunkuru ya yi hibernate! Dabbar da ba ta da lahani ga lafiyarta dole ne ta tsira daga raye-rayen da aka dakatar a cikin ƙananan zafin jiki da raguwa a duk hanyoyin rayuwa. Lokacin da mai rarrafe ya yi sanyi a cikin yanayi mai dumi, ƙwayar koda ta kasance guba ta hanyar samar da uric acid, wanda ba a fitar da shi a cikin fitsari. Sakamakon lalacewa na parenchyma na koda, cututtuka na rayuwa suna tasowa wanda zai iya kashe rayuwar dabba.

A lokacin hunturu, wajibi ne a auna a hankali da kuma duba yanayin harsashi na kunkuru. Idan dabbar ta rasa fiye da 1% na adadinsa a wata ko kuma ana lura da aikin dabbar a zazzabi na + 6-10C, ya zama dole don dakatar da hibernation. Mafi sau da yawa, ana aika kunkuru masu girma don ciyar da hunturu a watan Nuwamba, ta yadda dabbobin gida suka farka a tsakiyar Fabrairu, lokacin da hasken rana ya riga ya tsawo.

Wajibi ne a fitar da dabbobi masu rarrafe a hankali a hankali, ƙara yawan zafin jiki zuwa 10-30C a cikin kwanaki 32. Dogayen wanka a cikin ruwan dumi ko kayan ado na chamomile na taimaka wa kunkuru ya tashi. Ci abinci a cikin dabbobi masu rarrafe bayan hunturu yana farkawa ne kawai a ranar 5-7th. Idan bayan hawan zafin jiki da kuma yin wanka mai dumi dabbar ba ta farka ba, ya kamata ka tuntubi likita nan da nan.

Canja wurin mai rarrafe zuwa hunturu wani tsari ne mai rikitarwa, wanda, idan ba a lura da tsarin mulki ba, yana cike da haɓakar rikice-rikice har zuwa mutuwa. Yayin da ake kiyaye ingantattun yanayin tsarewa da ciyarwa mai inganci, kunkuru na ado suna yin kyau ba tare da yin bacci ba.