Yadda ake lissafta shekarun kare bisa ka'idojin dan Adam

Dabbobin ku ya shiga matakai uku a rayuwarsa: kwikwiyo, kare babba da babban kare (ga ƙananan karnuka da matsakaici, wannan mataki na rayuwa yana farawa bayan shekaru 7, don manyan nau'o'in nau'i-nau'i - bayan shekaru 6). 'Yan kwikwiyo suna girma da sauri fiye da yara kuma suna canzawa zuwa abinci mai ƙarfi a baya - kare zai iya fara cin busasshen abinci tun yana da makonni 4. Kwatanta ta hakora kuma yana da ban sha'awa: a lokacin shekaru 20, kwikwiyo sun riga sun sami hakora madara, yayin da a cikin mutane, hakora sun fara yanke kawai ta watanni 6. Hakora na dindindin a cikin kare an riga an kafa su ta hanyar watanni 7-8, kuma a cikin mutane, tsarin yana shimfiɗa tsawon shekaru - har zuwa shekaru 18-24.

Muna amfani da sabuwar dabara don lissafi A da ana tunanin cewa shekara guda ta rayuwar kare tana daidai da shekaru bakwai na rayuwar mutum. Amma sabon bincike ya nuna cewa wannan ba gaskiya bane.

Hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita wajen kirga shekarun kare a matsayin mutum shine ta hanyar raba matsakaicin tsawon rayuwar dan adam, shekaru 80, da matsakaicin tsawon rayuwar kare, shekaru 12. Yana nuna kimanin adadi na shekaru 7. Masu bincike daga Jami'ar California suna jayayya cewa wannan doka ba daidai ba ce. Tawagar ta gudanar da binciken kwayoyin halitta akan karnuka da mutane don fahimtar yadda suke tsufa. Ya bayyana cewa karnuka da farko suna girma kuma suna tsufa da sauri fiye da mutane, amma bayan lokaci tsarin ya ƙare. Masu binciken sun haɗa dukkan hanyoyin cikin tsari mai zuwa: shekarun ɗan adam na yanzu = 16 * ln (shekarun kare) + 31. ln shine logarithm na halitta. Bisa ga wannan tsari, ɗan kwikwiyon da ya kai makonni 7 yana daidai da ci gaban jikinsa da jariri mai watanni tara.

Nazarin hanyoyin tsufa a cikin jiki Don samun wannan dabarar, ƙungiyar bincike ta bincika karnukan Labrador 104. Nazarin ya ƙunshi duka ƙanana ’yan kwikwiyo da tsofaffin karnuka. A cikin tsari, ƙungiyar ta kwatanta tsarin canje-canje masu alaƙa da shekarun canine a cikin kwayoyin halitta tare da na ɗan adam. An kammala cewa manyan canje-canje suna faruwa a cikin kwayoyin halitta masu tasowa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa tsarin ya ƙare tare da shekaru.

Wannan binciken na iya ba da gudummawa ga nazarin cututtukan da suka shafi shekaru a cikin karnuka.

Don ƙayyade shekarun dabbar ku a cikin sharuddan ɗan adam, yi amfani da tebur. Har zuwa shekara guda, lissafin ƙididdiga ne.

Masu binciken a cikin aikin su kuma sun yi nazarin kwayoyin halittar beraye. An ƙididdige cewa linzamin kwamfuta na shekara biyu da rabi yana daidai da shekaru tara na kare. Wannan yana nuna cewa tsarin zai iya canza shekarun nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa.

Tabbas, duk karnuka suna haɓaka ta irin wannan hanya, duk da bambancin jinsi. Sai dai wani mai bincike Matt Keiberlein na jami'ar Washington ya ce zai yi matukar ban sha'awa ganin yadda sauye-sauyen da suka shafi shekaru suka bambanta tsakanin nau'in karnuka masu girma dabam da tsawon rayuwarsu, kamar su. Jamus Babban Danes da chihuahua.

karnuka masu tsayi Duk nau'ikan da aka yiwa rajista suna da matsakaicin matsakaicin shekaru daban-daban. Dabbobin da suka fi dadewa su ne ƙananan karnuka: Yorkshire Terriers, Chihuahuas, Pomeranians, Dachshunds, Toy Poodles, Lhasa Apso, Maltese, Beagles, Pugs da Miniature Schnauzers. Duk da haka, ana ɗaukar kare da ya daɗe a matsayin dabbar da ya wuce shekaru 20. A cikin Guinness Book of Records, an saita rikodin - Makiyayin Australiya Blueway ya rayu har tsawon shekaru 29. A matsayi na biyu akwai Butch the Beagle, wanda ya rayu tsawon shekaru 28, kuma wuri na uku an raba tsakanin Taffy Collie da Border Collie Bramble tare da tsawon rayuwa na shekaru 27.