Halin kare mai matsala

Sau da yawa masu mallakar suna cewa kare yana "da kyau" ko "mummunan" hali. Ina nufin, ba shakka, ta wannan yarda (ko rashin yarda) tare da burin mutum da tsammaninsa. Amma menene ainihin rinjayar halin kare, yana haifar da shi ta wata hanya ko wata?

A cikin hoto: daya daga cikin bayyanar cututtuka na matsala na kare shine lalacewar takalma

Dalilan Halin Kare Matsala

Abubuwa da yawa suna tasiri halin kare.

1. Haihuwa. “Haka aka haife ta,” mutane suna nishi a wannan yanayin, suna nuna cewa mu ko kare ba za mu iya yin komai ba. Siffofin haihuwa ko dai akwai ko babu.
2. Predisposition. Mafi sau da yawa fiye da siffofi na haihuwa, akwai predisposition. Predisposition yana nufin cewa a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi ɗaya ko wani hali na kare zai ci gaba, amma idan babu irin waɗannan yanayi, to dabi'ar da ta dace ba za ta bayyana kanta ba.
3. Epigenetics - kwayoyin halitta waɗanda aka bayyana a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi. A dauki misali, batun kiba. Lokacin da mutum, alal misali, ya fuskanci yunwa, wasu kwayoyin da ke hade da metabolism suna "farka" a cikinsa (kana buƙatar tara duk abin da ke shiga cikin jiki, saboda yunwa yana zuwa). Wadannan kwayoyin halitta suna aiki a matakin 2-3 tsararraki. Kuma idan al’ummai masu zuwa ba su ji yunwa ba, waɗannan ƙwayoyin za su sake yin barci. Idan kare yana cikin matsananciyar damuwa, jikinsa ya fara aiki daban-daban, kuma waɗannan canje-canje suna wucewa zuwa tsararraki 1-2 na gaba. 
4. Zamantakewa. Zamantakewa wani lokaci ne na musamman a rayuwar kare lokacin da kwakwalwarsa ta fi dacewa da kuzari da koyo. A wannan lokacin, kwikwiyo ya fi sauri fiye da kare kare, yana kula da abin da zai zama da amfani a gare shi a nan gaba. A cikin zamantakewa akwai bambance-bambance tsakanin jinsi, amma waɗannan bambance-bambance suna da yawa. Alal misali, a cikin Basenji, lokacin zamantakewa yana canzawa zuwa kwanan wata, yayin da a cikin Labrador, akasin haka, an ƙara shi.
5. Kwarewa (abin da kare ya koya).

• Kwarewa mara kyau.
• Koyon son rai.
• Rashin isasshen horo.

6. Damuwa shine damuwa "mara kyau", wato, yana hade da mummunan motsin rai kuma yana da tasiri mai cutarwa ga lafiya. Wannan shine abin da ke canza yanayin yanayin jiki da jin daɗin kare. Misali, yawanci kare ba ya nuna tsoro ko tashin hankali, amma a cikin yanayi na damuwa, yakan yi fushi, kuma matsaloli iri ɗaya suna bayyana.

Shin halin kare yana dogara ne akan jinsi?

Idan muka yi magana game da bambance-bambancen jinsi, to, a matsayin mai mulkin, mutum, fara kare wani nau'i, ya haifar da wasu yanayi. Tabbas, kowane lamari ya bambanta, amma idan kun ɗauki adadin karnuka iri ɗaya, ƙwarewar su yawanci zata kasance iri ɗaya.

Bugu da ƙari, lokacin da mutum ya sami, alal misali, Kare Makiyayi na Asiya ta Tsakiya ko Husky, yana da wasu tsammanin daga irin. Wannan yana nufin cewa an halicci yanayi don bayyanar wannan ko wannan hali, saboda tsammanin yana rinjayar yadda mai shi ya kawo dabba.

Saboda haka, yana da matukar wahala ga masana kimiyya su tantance abin da ke cikin kare (da nau'in) a cikin hali, da abin da ya faru saboda kwarewa.

Masu bincike Scott da Fuller sun gudanar da wani binciken halayyar karnuka 250 na nau'ikan nau'ikan 5 (Basenji, Beagles, American Cocker Spaniels, Shelties da Wire Fox Terriers) kuma sun gano cewa dukkansu suna nuna halaye iri ɗaya. Bambance-bambancen sun fi girma fiye da inganci. Bambancin ya kasance ne kawai a cikin shekarun da wannan hali ya faru, da kuma sau nawa ana bayyana wannan ko wannan ɓangaren hali. Amma akwai bambance-bambance a cikin nau'in iri ɗaya.

Don haka bisa ka’ida, ta hanyar samar da kuzarin da ya dace a lokacin da ya dace, mutum na iya karfafawa ko raunana halayen nau’in da daidaita dabi’un karnukan irinsu zuwa halin wani kuma, alal misali, terrier zai yi kusan kamar kare makiyayi. Tambayar ita ce yawan ƙoƙari da lokaci da za a kashe kuma ko ƙoƙarin ku zai fada cikin matakin da ya dace na ci gaban kare.

A cikin hoton: karnuka na nau'o'in nau'i daban-daban na iya yin hali iri ɗaya

Gyara halayen kare matsala

Domin competently gudanar da gyara na matsala hali na karnuka, kana bukatar ka fahimci abin da za mu iya tasiri a cikin matsala hali na kare da kuma yadda.

1. Haihuwa. Da fari dai, ba a sami wasu abubuwan da suka dace na ɗabi'a ba, kuma wani lokacin ana iya biya su zuwa wani ɗan lokaci. Alal misali, an gaji tsoro da tsoro a cikin karnuka, amma idan kun yi aiki tare da irin wannan kare (zamantacce, rage yawan sha'awa, da dai sauransu), to wannan fasalin yana iya zama abin rufe fuska. Kuma tare da taimakon zaɓin da ya dace (ba a bar karnuka da matsalolin hali cikin kiwo ba), zaku iya cimma canje-canje a matakin nau'in.
2. Predisposition. Akwai ƙarin damar da za a yi tasiri ga halin matsala na kare. Kuna iya kawar da abin da ke jawowa, wato, yana haifar da wani hali, canza yanayin rayuwar kare ko rubuta magani.
3. Epigenetics. A wannan matakin, zaku iya bin abin da tsararrun karnuka ke samun gogewa, kuma wannan tambaya ce ga masu shayarwa.
4. Zamantakewa. A nan, da yawa ya dogara da mutum (duka mai kiwo da mai shi). Wajibi ne don samar da kwikwiyo tare da ƙwarewar da ta dace a lokacin da ya dace. Duk da haka, kana buƙatar fahimtar abin da kake so daga kare. Alal misali, zamantakewa mai zurfi sosai zai iya sa kare ya zama mai aiki - shin wajibi ne ga masu mallakar gaba?
5. Koyi (kwarewa). A wannan matakin, ba tare da wata shakka ba, duk abin da ke cikin gyaran halayen kare matsala ya dogara da mutane - duka a kan abin da aka ba da kare, da abin da kuma yadda ake koyar da shi. Yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar hanyar da ta dace na aiki tare da kare. Duk wani dabba yana koyon yadda ya kamata daga ƙarfafawa mai kyau (wato, daga abin da ke ba ku damar samun abin da kuke so), kuma ba daga abin da kuke buƙatar guje wa (huba). Canza hanyoyin koyarwa yana ba da damar horar da har ma da dabbobin da aka ɗauka a baya ba za su iya horarwa ba (misali, kifi).
6. Damuwa. Anan, don gyara halin matsala na kare, kuma, yanayin rayuwa na kare da hanyoyin horo da kuke amfani da su suna da mahimmanci.