Ƙaddamar jima'i a cikin dabbobi masu rarrafe

Ƙayyade jima'i a cikin macizai, lizards da sauran nau'in dabbobi masu rarrafe yana da wuyar gaske, ba kawai ga masu farawa ba, har ma ga kwararru. Yana da sau da yawa kusan ba zai yiwu a ƙayyade jima'i na matasa ba. Anan zamuyi la'akari da wasu ƙa'idodi na gaba ɗaya don bambance maza da mata. Amma kafin kayyade jima'i, wajibi ne a yi nazarin bayanin musamman don dabbobi masu rarrafe, kamar yadda akwai wasu nuances, kuma ba shi yiwuwa a rufe duk nau'in a cikin bayanin.

Ana iya yin jima'i da wasu dabbobi masu rarrafe a cikin bayyanar. Misali, ta launi, girman, wutsiya, da sauransu. Don haka akwati da marsh, kunkuru masu fentin suna da bambance-bambance a launi (kai ko iris). Maza na kunkuru masu ruwa da yawa (misali, jajayen kunnuwa) suna da dogon faratu a tafin hannunsu na gaba don riƙe mace a lokacin saduwa. Sau da yawa a cikin kunkuru, mata suna girma fiye da maza. Hakanan zaka iya gane kunkuru namiji daga mace ta wutsiya. A cikin maza (saboda hemipenis da ke ciki), wutsiya ya fi tsayi, mai kauri, buɗewar cloaca yana kusa da tip na wutsiya, yayin da a cikin mata wutsiya ta takaice, ƙofar cloaca yana a wurin. tushe na wutsiya. A cikin maza, ƙananan harsashi (plastron) sau da yawa yakan kasance a ciki, yayin da a cikin mata yana da lebur, amma tare da kulawa da ɗakin gida, nakasar rachitic da rashin haɓakar harsashi, sau da yawa wannan yanayin yana da kyau.

Har ila yau, ana bayyana dimorphism na jima'i a yawancin nau'in kadangaru. A kusan dukkan kadangaru na maza, ramukan femoral sun fi haɓaka, akwai ƙari kuma sun fi girma, kuma gindin wutsiya yana kauri saboda hemipenis da ke can. Musamman ma, koren iguanas na maza suna haɓaka manyan jakar kunci, manyan kuma fitattun pores na mata, da wutsiya mai kauri a gindi fiye da mata. A cikin hawainiya, yawanci ana furta kararraki da ƙahoni kuma suna bunƙasa sosai a cikin maza, yayin da a cikin mata da kyar ake yi musu alama ko babu. Hawainiya maza na Yaman suna da tururuwa a kafafun bayansu. Manyan fatun fatun maza suna da girman jiki da fadi, babban kai. Yawancin geckos, kuma, suna da kumburi-kumburi a bayan wutsiya, wanda ke nuna kasancewarsu ga jinsin namiji. Amma game da macizai, zai iya zama da wuya a tantance jima'i. A cikin maza, wutsiya ya fi tsayi kuma ya fi girma, ƙaddamarwa kawai a bayan cloaca yana da kyau a bayyana. Kuma a cikin boas namiji, ban da haka, spurs suna da alama sosai.

Yawancin dabbobi masu rarrafe suna nuna halayen jima'i. Maza sun fara nuna tashin hankali a lokacin rut, wani lokacin hemipenis yana fitowa daga aljihun al'aurar. Matan wasu nau'ikan ma suna iya yin ƙwai ba tare da kasancewar namiji ba.

Idan ba zai yiwu a ƙayyade jima'i ta alamun waje ba, da yawa suna komawa zuwa gwajin jima'i tare da bincike. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar samun takamaiman fasaha da sanin fasalin wannan nau'in. Ana kashe wani ɗan ƙaramin ɗan leƙen asiri, a shafa masa maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, sannan a saka shi a cikin cloaca, cikin aljihun al'aura. Kuma bisa ga zurfin da zai yiwu a shigar da bincike zuwa ƙarshen wutsiya, ƙwararren ya ƙayyade ko yana da hemipenis ko hemiclitor. Idan binciken ya zurfafa, to namiji yana gabanka. Amma kuma, a cikin nau'i daban-daban, bambancin zurfin gabatarwa ya bambanta kuma dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan. A lokacin magudi, dabbar na iya tayar da hankali, wanda zai sa shigar da wahala kuma zai iya haifar da yanke shawara mara kyau game da jima'i. Yawanci, ana amfani da gano bincike a cikin macizai da wasu kadangaru (misali duban kadangaru da fatun).

Hakanan ana iya fitar da hemipenises daga aljihu lokacin da ake danna gindin wutsiya daga ƙasa (a cikin ɗimbin yawa da macizai). A lokaci guda, ana iya matse hemiclitors a cikin mata, amma sun fi girma.

Kusan duk alamun da ke sama suna buƙatar isassun gogewa na terrariumist. Idan ba shi da wani abu da za a kwatanta da shi, kuma ya ga mutum ɗaya kawai, to, zai zama da wuya a ƙayyade jima'i ta hanyar girman wutsiya da taimakon bincike, tun da dukan nau'in suna da halaye na kansu.

Akwai wasu hanyoyi da yawa, amma ba kasafai ake amfani da su ba. Wannan ma'anar hormones a cikin gwajin jini, radiyo, duban dan tayi. A kan x-ray, za ka iya ganin kasusuwan hemipenis (a cikin wasu lizards na duba da geckos). Ultrasound sau da yawa ba shi da cikakken bayani saboda ƙananan girman gwanaye da ovaries. Ana iya gane mace ta hanyar duban dan tayi yayin samuwar follicles. Binciken Hormone yana ba da labari a cikin mutane balagagge, amma akwai canje-canje guda biyar a cikin matakan hormone dangane da lokacin jima'i (a lokacin rut, matakan testosterone suna karuwa sosai).

A ƙarshe, yana da daraja tunawa da wani fasali mai ban sha'awa na samuwar jima'i a cikin dabbobi masu rarrafe. A cikin yawancin jinsuna, ba a sanya shi a fili asalinta, amma kan aiwatar da samuwar kuma ya dogara da zafin jiki na waje na muhalli. Bugu da ƙari, wannan dogara ya bambanta ga nau'i daban-daban. A cikin kunkuru, alal misali, maza suna tasowa da ƙananan zafin jiki, kuma mata a cikin crocodiles da wasu eublefars; a wasu nau’in agama, maza kan yi kyankyaso a matsakaicin zafi, idan kuma zafin ya ragu ko ya tashi, yawan haihuwar mata na karuwa. Har yanzu ana nazarin wannan siffa mai ban sha'awa.