Manyan abubuwan ban sha'awa 10 game da jellyfish

Jellyfish su ne mafi tsufa halittu masu rai a wannan duniyar tamu. Suna da ban mamaki da ban mamaki, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa suke haifar da ra'ayi mai ban sha'awa. Suna zaune a cikin kowane teku, teku - a saman ruwa ko a zurfin kilomita da yawa.

Zai fi kyau kada mutum ya sadu da wasu nau'ikan jellyfish - alal misali, "wasa na Australiya" na iya kashe mutane 60 tare da guba. Wannan ita ce dabba mafi guba da hatsari a cikin teku. Jellyfish ya sami sunansa saboda kamanceceniya da halayen tatsuniyoyi (ko kuma tare da kai) - Gorgon Medusa. Idan ka bude daya daga cikin hotunan ka kalle ta, ka lura cewa maimakon gashi, tana da macizai masu motsi a kanta. Carl Linnaeus, masanin halitta dan Sweden (1707-1778.) ya lura da kamanceniyar.

Kuna iya sha'awar su ba tare da ƙarewa ba ... Amma bari mu ba kawai sha'awar kyawun su ba, amma kuma mu koyi game da abubuwan 10 mafi ban sha'awa game da jellyfish. Don haka mu fara?

10 Ya bayyana a duniya kimanin shekaru miliyan 650 da suka wuce

Medusa mai dogon hanta. Sun kasance koyaushe, suna kuma za su kasance. Wadannan halittu sun bayyana shekaru miliyan 650 da suka wuce. Ba tare da su ba, ba a wakilta ko teku ko ɗaya. Wasu nau'ikan jellyfish suna rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai daɗi. An san nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in iri 3000 ne da aka san su, amma galibinsu ba a yi nazarin su ba tukuna.

Samun jellyfish ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba, saboda wasu wakilai suna rayuwa mai zurfi a cikin ruwa - zurfi fiye da mita 10. Wasu suna kwatanta waɗannan ’yan ɗari ɗari da kamun kifi, amma ba su da wani abu da ya haɗa su sai wurin zama. Yawancin gungu na jellyfish suna da ma'anar kansu - ana kiran su swarm (wanda ke nufin tari).

9. Suna rayuwa a cikin dukkan tekuna da tekuna na Duniya

Halittu masu kyau da ban mamaki suna rayuwa a cikin tekuna da tekuna, ɗayansu jellyfish ne. Duniyar karkashin ruwa ba a yi nazari kadan ba, don haka saduwa da halittu daban-daban na iya zama bala'i ga mutum.

Idan ka tambayi wani:Me kuke tunani shine mafi hatsari mazaunan duniyar karkashin ruwa?”, to, tabbas, kowa zai amsa gaba ɗaya: "Shark", duk da haka, akwai halittu kuma mafi haɗari…

Kowace shekara, miliyoyin mutane suna fuskantar "ƙonawa" lokacin da suke hulɗa da jellyfish. Babu jellyfish na musamman mai haɗari a cikin tekun Rasha, amma babban abu shine don hana haɗuwa da mucous membranes. Jellyfish suna rayuwa a cikin dukkan tekunan duniya da kusan dukkan tekuna., don haka, kafin tafiya, kuna buƙatar sanin a gaba wane nau'in jinsuna ne na kowa a wannan wuri.

8. Zauna cikin ruwa mai dadi

An san cewa jellyfish na iya rayuwa a cikin ruwa kawai. Idan aka jefar da su a gaɓa, to, mutuwa za ta zo saboda bushewa a ƙarƙashin rana. Akwai nau'in jinsuna mai girma a cikin ruwa mai dadi - ana kiran shi Craspedacusta sowerbyi. Irin wannan jellyfish yana yiwuwa a ajiye a cikin akwatin kifaye na gida, amma yana buƙatar wasu abinci da yanayi.

Jellyfish na ruwa yana rayuwa a kusan dukkanin nahiyoyi (ban da Antarctica) a cikin kogin baya tare da hanya mai nisa kuma a cikin tafki mai tsayi. Hakanan Craspedacusta sowerbyi yana rayuwa a cikin tafkunan wucin gadi.

7. Babban nau'ikan jellyfish guda huɗu

A cikin yanayi, yawancin nau'ikan jellyfish an san su, kuma, duk da tsarin farko, duk sun bambanta sosai. Akwai manyan nau'ikan jellyfish guda huɗu: Waɗannan su ne scyphoid, hydroid, akwatin jellyfish da staurozoa. Bari mu dubi waɗannan nau'ikan dalla-dalla.

Scyphoid: wannan ajin ya hada da jellyfish da ke zaune a teku da teku. Suna zaune a cikin ruwan gishiri kuma suna motsawa cikin yardar kaina a cikin duniyar karkashin ruwa (ban da jellyfish na zaune - ba shi da aiki).

Hydroid: wannan nau'in ya bambanta da sauran a cikin ikonsa mai ban mamaki - jellyfish zai iya rayuwa har abada, tun lokacin da aka sake farfado da hydroid daga kwayar halitta mai girma zuwa yaro. Sun hada da fiye da 2,5 dubu nau'in.

Akwatin jellyfish: ana iya kiran wannan nau'in nau'in mafi haɗari (yana da sunan "zazzabin teku"). Idan mutum ya sadu da ita, to, sakamako mai mutuwa yana jiran shi. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, wannan jellyfish ne ya zama bala’in ma’aikatan jirgin da suka samu kansu a cikin ruwa. Kimanin mutane 80 ne ke mutuwa daga dafin jellyfish kowace shekara.

Staurozoa: wakilan stauromedusa ba su iya yin iyo da kuma gudanar da rayuwa ta ƙasa. Siffar su ta musamman ce, a zahiri tana kama da nau'in mazurari. Motsin ta yana jinkirin, kuma mafi yawan lokuta jellyfish ya fi son zama a wuri guda. Ana ɗaukar Stauromedusa a matsayin wani abu mai ban mamaki wanda ya haɗu da fasalin polyp da jellyfish.

6. Ana amfani dashi a magani da abinci

Jellyfish abinci ne mai daɗi a ƙasashen Gabas. A Japan, Koriya, China, waɗannan halittun karkashin ruwa an ci su tun zamanin da, suna kiran su "nama mai kristal", kuma waɗannan jita-jita na kayan abinci ne masu daɗi da daɗi.

Haka kuma an san cewa jellyfish wani ɓangare ne na abincin mutanen Romawa na dā. Naman jellyfish ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu amfani da yawa, amino acid da abubuwan ganowa.

Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da jellyfish a magani.. Likitocin kasar Sin suna ba da shawarar cin jellyfish mai launin toka (wanda aka sarrafa, ba shakka) kowace rana ga waɗanda ke fama da rashin haihuwa. Haka kuma, matan kasar Sin sun tabbatar da ingancin wannan hanya. Abin sha'awa, ana kuma shirya wani magani daga jellyfish don taimakawa wajen kawar da gashin gashi.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: idan a China da Koriya ta Kudu babu jita-jita na jellyfish akan menu na gidan cin abinci na kifi, to cibiyar ba za ta iya samun mafi girman nau'in ba.

5. Jellyfish na ɗaya daga cikin dabbobi mafi sauƙi a duniya.

Jellyfish halittu ne masu ban mamaki. Suna haifar da rikice-rikice: jin daɗi, sha'awa har ma da tsoro. Tsofaffin dabbobin duniyarmu suna cikin mafi sauƙi na ƙwayoyin hanji.. Jellyfish ba shi da kwakwalwa ko gabobin hankali. Amma suna da tsarin juyayi wanda ke taimaka musu gano wari da haske. Jellyfish kuma yana amfani da shi don gano taɓawar wata halitta.

Akwai keɓaɓɓen gungu 8 na ƙwayoyin jijiya a cikin jellyfish - suna kan gefen laima na jellyfish. Rukunin jijiyarsa ana kiransa ganglia.

4. Kusan 98% ruwa

Wannan hujja na iya zama abin mamaki, amma jellyfish shine 98% ruwa. Lokacin da jellyfish ya bushe, kawai alamarsa ta rage a cikin yashi, babu ko wani harsashi. A cikin dabbobin ruwa, ba wai jellyfish kawai suna da jiki mai kama da jelly ba, misali, anemones na teku, hydras, polyps, murjani suma ba su da ƙaƙƙarfan kwarangwal kuma duk suna rayuwa a cikin ruwan teku.

Duk da cewa jellyfish shine 98% ruwa, yana haifar da ƙonawa mai raɗaɗi.

3. Turitopsis nutricula - halitta mai rai marar mutuwa

Menene sirrin matasa Turritopsis nutricula? Wannan jellyfish ita ce kadai halitta da za ta iya rayuwa har abada. Ya kai ga balaga, ya sake zama matashi. Abin lura shi ne cewa wannan sake zagayowar yana maimaita kansa har abada… Abin da zai iya sa Turritopsis nutricula ya mutu shine a kashe shi.

Lura cewa masanan halittu kuma sun san ƙwayoyin “marasa mutuwa” waɗanda ke da ikon rarraba lokuta marasa adadi a ƙarƙashin kyawawan yanayi. Misalin wannan shine kwayoyin halitta.

2. Gilashin teku shine mafi hatsarin halitta a duniya.

Tushen zaren ruwan teku (akwatin jellyfish) na iya zama m. Wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi haɗari mazaunan duniyar ƙarƙashin ruwa.. Za a iya gano magudanar ruwa ta girman kararrawa - mita 2,5. Yana da harsashi mai haske, yana da kyan gani. Yana zaune a yankin Pacific na Indiya, da kuma a bakin tekun nahiyar Ostiraliya.

Tare da tantunansu, ƙwanƙolin teku suna kashe ɗaruruwan mutane kowace shekara, amma jellyfish ba ya harba lokacin da bai ji haɗari ba.

1. Arctic giant jellyfish - mafi girma a duniya

Arctic jellyfish - dauke da mafi girma a duniya. Yana zaune a Arewa maso yammacin Atlantic. Katon dome ɗinsa na iya kaiwa mita 2, kuma ginshiƙan ɗigon furanni suna girma har zuwa mita 20 a tsayi. Yana da launi daban-daban, amma yawanci ana samun orange mai haske (tare da shekaru, launi ya zama mafi cika).

Jikinta ruwa ne 95% kuma yayi kama da naman kaza. Yawancin tentacles na jellyfish na iya shimfiɗa har zuwa mita 20.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: An nuna giant jellyfish na arctic a cikin gajeren labarin Arthur Conan Doyle "The Lion's Mane".