Kunkuru a Rasha: abin da jinsuna ke rayuwa kuma ana samun su a cikin yanayin mu

Kunkuru na daga cikin tsoffin dabbobi a duniya - akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan 'dari uku da' da'a ke da su a duk duniya. Rasha ba ta kasance ba togiya - duk da matsanancin yanayi a mafi yawan yankuna, nau'in kunkuru hudu suna rayuwa akai-akai a cikin ƙasar.

Kunkuru Asiya ta Tsakiya

Kunkurun kasa daya tilo da ake samu a kasar Rasha kuma ana kiransa kunkuru steppe. Ana iya samun wannan nau'in a yankin Kazakhstan da kuma a duk yankuna na tsakiyar Asiya. A halin yanzu, nau'in yana gab da ƙarewa kuma an jera shi a cikin Red Book, don haka ba za a iya samun wakilansa a cikin kantin sayar da dabbobi ba. Wannan kunkuru na kasa yana da fasali kamar haka:

• ƙananan harsashi mai launin ruwan kasa-rawaya tare da wurare masu duhu na siffar da ba a sani ba - adadin tsagi a kan ƙwanƙwasa ya dace da shekarun dabba;
• diamita na harsashi na manya ya kai 25-30 cm (maza sun fi maza girma) - ana lura da girma a duk rayuwa;
• ƙafafu na gaba suna da ƙarfi, tare da faratu huɗu, kafafun baya suna da girma mai girma;
• matsakaicin tsawon rayuwa shine shekaru 30-40, lokacin balaga ga mata shine shekaru 10, ga maza - shekaru 6;
• hibernation sau biyu a shekara - ya haɗa da watanni na hunturu da lokacin zafi na rani.

Asiya ta tsakiya ba su da fa'ida, da wuya su yi rashin lafiya, suna da saurin fahimta kuma suna da halaye masu ban sha'awa; idan aka ajiye su a gida, ba kasafai suke yin bacci ba. Irin waɗannan fasalulluka sun sanya waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe su zama mashahurin dabbobi.

SHA'AWA: Kunkuru na Tarayyar Soviet ta Tsakiyar Asiya sun sami damar shiga sararin samaniya - a cikin 1968, na'urorin bincike na Zond 5 tare da wakilai biyu na nau'ikan da ke cikin jirgin sun kewaya duniyar wata, bayan haka ya yi nasarar dawowa duniya. Duk kunkuru sun tsira, kawai sun rasa kashi 10% na nauyin jikinsu.

Kunkuru bogin Turai

Baya ga kunkuru na ƙasa, kunkuru na ruwa kuma suna rayuwa a cikin ƙasar Rasha. Mafi yawan nau'in jinsuna shine kunkuru na marsh, mazauninsa shine yankuna na yankin tsakiya, wanda ke da yanayin yanayi na nahiyar. Wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe sun fi son zama tare da bankunan tafkuna, tafkuna da fadama, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa suka sami suna. Alamomin dabbar sune kamar haka.

• m elongated kore harsashi;
• launin duhu kore ne, tare da facin rawaya;
• girma girma - 23-30 cm;
• yana ciyar da kwari, waɗanda suke tarawa a ƙasa ƙarƙashin ganye da ciyawa;

Wadannan kunkuru suna da wuyar ganewa - lokacin da suke kusantar su, mutane nan da nan suna nutsewa kuma suna ɓoye a ƙarƙashin silt. Suna yin hunturu a cikin yanayin kwanciyar hankali a ƙasan tafki, kuma suna farkawa a cikin bazara lokacin da ruwan ya yi zafi har zuwa + 5-10 digiri.

Mahimmanci: A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, akwai raguwa a yawan jinsunan a duk duniya, wanda kuma ya sauƙaƙe ta hanyar saurin yaduwar kunkuru mai rikitarwa.

Ruwan tafki

Ƙasar waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe ita ce Amurka, inda nau'in ya zama ruwan dare a matsayin dabbobi saboda kyawunsa da rashin fahimta. Kayayyakin Amurkawa sun bazu ko'ina cikin duniya, kuma a hankali kunkuru jajayen kunne sun zama wani ɓangare na dabi'ar halittu na ƙasashen da ke da yanayi mara kyau. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa yawancin masu sakaci sun saki dabbobin da suka girma a cikin daji. An bambanta waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe da abubuwa masu zuwa:

• launin kore-rawaya, launin ja mai haske a kai kusa da idanu;
• Girman babba yana da kusan 30 cm (ana samun wakilai mafi girma);
• fada cikin kwanciyar hankali lokacin da zafin iska ya faɗi ƙasa -10 digiri;
• a zahiri suna da komi kuma suna iya cin kowane nau'in abinci mai gina jiki, wanda ke sa su zama babbar barazana ga ma'aunin halittu na yanayin halittu.

An kuma kawo kunkuru masu jajayen kunne zuwa kasarmu a matsayin dabbobi masu ban sha'awa. Har zuwa kwanan nan, duk rikice-rikice tare da wakilan wannan nau'in a cikin yanayin Rasha kuma an dauke su da haɗari kuma suna da alaƙa da mutanen gida da aka saki a cikin daji. Amma sau da yawa, ana yin rajistar dabbobi masu rarrafe na daji, da kuma yawan mutanensu na farko, don haka ana iya cewa ana samun kunkuru masu jajayen kunne a yankunan kudancin Turai na kasarmu.

Bidiyo: marsh da ja-kunne kunkuru a cikin ruwan Moscow

Kunkuru Gabas Mai Nisa

Mafi ƙarancin abin da za a iya gani a ƙasarmu shi ne kunkuru na Gabas mai Nisa ko Trionics (wanda aka fi sani da Sinanci) - adadin nau'in nau'in yana da ƙananan da aka gane cewa yana gab da ƙarewa. Wannan dabba tana da kamanni da ba a saba gani ba:

• harsashi zagaye tare da gefuna masu laushi, diamita har zuwa 25-40 cm;
• launin kore-launin ruwan kasa tare da launin rawaya;
• a kan tafin hannu, yatsu biyar tare da yanar gizo;
• dogon wuyansa da elongated hanci-proboscis tare da hanci.

Suna zaune a bakin gaɓar maɓuɓɓugar ruwa mara ƙarfi tare da ƙarancin wutar lantarki, mafi yawan lokutan da suke wucewa ƙarƙashin ruwa.

Tsarin tsari na hanci yana ba su damar fallasa shi sama da ƙasa kuma su sha iska ba tare da cin amanarsu ba. A Rasha, ana iya ganin trionics a kudancin Gabas mai Nisa, manyan wuraren zama sune yankunan Amur da Khanka.

Bidiyo: Kunkuru na Gabas mai Nisa a cikin daji

Sauran iri

Kunkuru na Rasha a hukumance suna iyakance ga nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan hudu - amma wani lokacin zaku iya saduwa da wakilan dabbobi masu rarrafe na ruwa wadanda suka yi iyo daga yankinsu. A bakin Tekun Bahar Maliya, zaku iya ganin dangi na kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya - Rum, nau'in ƙasa, wanda kuma yana gab da ƙarewa.

A cikin yankuna da ke kusa da Caucasus, ana samun kunkuru na Caspian - wannan dabba mara kyau ta sami shahara a matsayin dabba mai ban sha'awa.