Fitilar UV don kunkuru: zaɓi da amfani da hasken wuta don aquariums da terrariums tare da kunnuwa ja da kunkuru na ƙasa

Fitilar ultraviolet (UV) shine tushen hasken ultraviolet na wucin gadi don kunkuru na dabba, wanda aka samu ta hanyar amfani da fim na bakin ciki na tace hasken gani zuwa gilashi.

Ayyukan ultraviolet

A cikin daji, kunkuru suna karɓar kashi na hasken ultraviolet daga hasken rana. A gida, ana ajiye dabbar a cikin terrarium, don haka an rage girman rana. Tare da rashi na ultraviolet radiation, dabbobi masu rarrafe:

• baya baya a ci gaba;
• yana fama da laushin harsashi da kasusuwa;
• ya zama mai rauni ga lalacewar injiniya;
• rashin lafiya tare da rickets;
• a hadarin rasa zuriya a lokacin daukar ciki.

Babban dalilin wadannan cututtuka ya ta'allaka ne a cikin rashin cholecalciferol (bitamin D3), wanda jiki ke samarwa a karkashin tasirin hasken rana. Yana da alhakin sha na alli - babban kashi na tsarin kashi.

Asiya ta tsakiya da sauran kunkuru ba za su iya samun D3 daga abinci ba saboda suna cin abincin shuka. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na bitamin ba tare da hasken ultraviolet ba a cikin adadin da ya dace don lafiyar kunkuru. Ga kunkuru na ruwa, fitilar ba ta da mahimmanci saboda yanayin abincinsu. Mafarauta masu jajayen kunne suna samun D3 daga cikin dabbobin da suke ci. Amma, lokacin da aka ajiye shi a gida, don kunkuru na duniya da na ruwa, fitilar UV dole ne.

Fitilar UV ɗaya don kunkuru bai isa ba, don haka dole ne a shigar da wasu nau'ikan a cikin terrarium da akwatin kifaye:

1. dumama. Ana amfani da shi don dumama dabbobi masu rarrafe masu jin sanyi da rana. Don kula da zafin da ake buƙata, zaka iya amfani da fitilar incandescent na al'ada.
2. infrared. Babban aikin wannan fitilar shine dumama. Ba ya ba da haske, sabili da haka ana amfani da shi da dare a ƙananan yanayin zafi a cikin ɗakin.

Ingantattun sigogi

Ana buƙatar hasken wucin gadi don aiki da lafiyar kunkuru. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi (<15°) na iya haifar da rashin bacci da rage rigakafi, yayin da yawa (> 40°) na iya haifar da mutuwa.

Don jin daɗin rayuwa na dabba, wajibi ne a kula da yanayin zafin jiki masu zuwa:

• 23 ° -32 ° - a kan ƙasa;
• 22 ° -28 ° - a cikin ruwa.

Ana samun mafi kyawun zafin jiki tare da fitilun 40-60 watt (W) da masu dumama ruwa na 100W (yana ɗaukar akwatin kifaye na 100L).

Don fitilun UV, ikon ya bambanta daga 10 zuwa 40W kuma ya dogara da tsawon na'urar. Yayin da fitilar ta fi tsayi, yawancin UV da take fitarwa.

Baya ga iko, wajibi ne a yi la'akari da ƙimar UVA da UVB - haskoki na ultraviolet waɗanda ke da tasiri daban-daban akan jikin dabbobi masu rarrafe. Matsakaicin ƙimar izini na UVA, wanda ke da alhakin haɓakar tafiyar matakai na halitta, shine 30%, kuma ƙimar UVB, wanda ke haɓaka sharar calcium, ya dogara da nau'in kunkuru:

• mai jajayen kunne yana buƙatar fitilar UVB 5 zuwa 8%;
• don ƙasa - ba <10 kuma ba> 12% UVB.

MUHIMMI! A lokacin daukar ciki da rashin lafiya, UVB yana ƙaruwa zuwa 8-12% har ma a cikin dabbobi masu rarrafe na ruwa.

Babban nau'ikan fitilu

Don adana kunkuru na ƙasa, fitilar wuta ta yau da kullun ta isa, kuma don adana kunkuru na ruwa, ana buƙatar fitila mai ƙarfi (ba <20W) don dumama tafkin ko ƙarin dumama.

Baya ga classic "Ilyich's light bulb", ana sarrafa hasken a cikin terrarium da akwatin kifaye ta hanyar:

1. fitilar madubi. Ya bambanta da kwan fitila mai haskakawa a cikin hasken jagora, wanda ke riƙe zafi a wani wuri saboda murfin madubi.
2. neodymium fitila. Baya ga haske da dumama, yana da alhakin bambancin launuka, yana ba da haske da jikewa ga launi na dabbobi masu rarrafe. Ya fi sauran nau'ikan tsada, amma yana da kariya daga ruwa.
3. LEDs. LED backlighting yana da tattalin arziki kuma mai dorewa, amma ya yi hasara ga wasu nau'ikan dangane da ikon fitarwa. Yana da wahala a gare ta ta dumama terrarium da akwatin kifaye, amma ana iya amfani da ita don dalilai masu kyau, haɗa ja, kore, shuɗi da sauran launuka masu samuwa.

Daga cikin fitilun dare waɗanda ba sa ba da haske mai gani, zaku iya amfani da:

• infrared;
• yumbu, kariya daga babban zafi.

UV fitilu

Fitilar ultraviolet don aquariums da terrariums yana samuwa a cikin nau'ikan 2 - mai kyalli da tururin ƙarfe.

Luminescent

Dangane da siffar kwan fitila an raba su zuwa:

• Tubular. Godiya ga murfin kariya a kan flask, ultraviolet ba shi da haɗari ga idanun ɗan adam da kunkuru. Ana lura da ƙaramin diamita da matsakaicin ƙarfi don ƙirar T5 masu tsada. Samfurin T8 mai faɗi yana da arha, amma ƙarancin inganci.
• Karamin. Suna kama da fitilar incandescent na yau da kullun kuma an sanya su a cikin E27 tushe. Suna yin hasarar takwarorinsu na tubular tare da ƙarancin rayuwar sabis, wanda ke raguwa saboda yawan hauhawar wutar lantarki.

Karfe tururi

Tare da mahimmancin hasken ultraviolet, fitilar tana dumama terrarium da kyau, saboda haka ya dace da kunkuru na ƙasa a matsayin tushen hasken rana kawai. Ba kamar masu haske ba, suna da tsawon rayuwar sabis, suna kai har zuwa shekaru 1,5.

Mafi Shahararrun Alamomin Fitilar UV

Idan zaka iya siyan kwan fitila na yau da kullun a kowane kantin kayan masarufi, to dole ne a siyi kwan fitilar ultraviolet a babban kantin sayar da dabbobi ko kuma a yi oda akan layi.

Farashin fitilar UV ya dogara da:

1. Mai sana'a. Samfuran mafi arha sune samfuran Sinanci (Repti Zoo, Simple Zoo Bulk), kuma mafi tsadar su sune Turai (Narva, Sera, Arcadia, Namiba Terra) da Amurka (ZooMed, Lucky Reptile).
2. Appearance. Fitilar kunkuntar da tsayi mai kyalli suna da matsakaicin farashi.

A matsakaita, farashin UV fitilar daga 1 zuwa 2 dubu rubles.

MUHIMMI! Waɗannan nau'ikan suna da layin fitulun duka masu ja-kunne da kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya.

Nuances na zabi

Yawancin terrariums da aka shirya suna sanye da fitilun da aka gina. Don adana kuɗi, sun sanya fitilu masu haske guda 2, waɗanda ke da alhakin dumama dabbobi masu rarrafe, don haka masu mallakar gaba dole ne su sayi tushen ultraviolet da kansu. Don zaɓar fitilar UV mai inganci da aminci don kunkuru, la'akari da halaye masu zuwa:

1. Power. Ya kamata ya kasance a cikin kewayon daga 10 zuwa 40W.
2. Length. Nemo fitilar kunkuru wanda ya dace da girman fitilar da ba a so ba abu ne mai ban tsoro. Ana iya guje wa dogon bincike ta hanyar siyan na'ura mai girman 45, 60, 90 da 120 cm.
3. Radiation bakan. Fara daga nau'in mai rarrafe. Ka tuna cewa marufi koyaushe yana nuna ƙimar UVA da UBA. Idan an rasa mai nuna alama, to, ƙi sayan. In ba haka ba, kunkuru yana yin haɗarin konewa ko barinsa ba tare da daidaitaccen ƙwayar ultraviolet ba.
4. Form. Zaɓi nau'in tubular wanda ke da kariya daga hawan wutar lantarki, ko ƙirar tururin ƙarfe mafi tsada.
5. Sunan suna. Kada ku yi ƙoƙarin ajiye kuɗi a China. Saboda ɗan gajeren lokacin rayuwa, dole ne a canza fitilar aƙalla kowane watanni shida. Zai fi kyau a zaɓi samfurin inganci mafi girma daga Amurka ko Turai tare da rayuwar sabis har zuwa shekara 1.

Dokokin masauki

Domin sanya fitilun da aka saya daidai, la'akari da waɗannan fasalulluka:

1. Lambar Nau'in. Ana shigar da nau'in tubular a cikin inuwa na musamman a cikin murfi na akwatin kifaye da terrarium, ƙananan ƙananan - a cikin tushe na fitilar tebur, kuma masu tururi na karfe suna aiki kawai tare da farawa na musamman.
2. Mafi ƙarancin nisa tsakanin fitila da ƙasa. Nisa ya kamata ya kasance daga 30 zuwa 40 cm kuma ya mai da hankali kan ikon da ƙimar UVB.
3. Wani irin kunkuru. Kunkuru na ruwa suna amfani da ƙasa don dumama, don haka ana ba da izinin matsakaicin zafin jiki a can. Ga dabbobi masu rarrafe na ƙasa, ma'auni yana da mahimmanci, don haka ya kamata a jagoranci fitilar zuwa ɗaya daga cikin sassan terrarium don ba da rarrafe zabi tsakanin yanayin zafi.
4. bambancin zafin jiki. Auna zafin da ake so a matakin garkuwar dorsal na harsashi. A matakin ƙasa, mai nuna alama yana ƙasa, don haka dabbobin na iya ƙonewa.
5. Ƙarar wurin da aka haskaka. Duk jikin kunkuru yakamata ya faɗi ƙarƙashin haskoki.

MUHIMMI! Mafi kyawun wurin sanya shi yana saman kan kunkuru. Lokacin da aka dora shi a gefe, hasken yana buɗewa kuma yana fusata dabbar, kuma idan aka dora shi a saman, yana samun nasarar kwaikwayon rana.

Umarnin don Amfani

Fitilar dumama ya kamata ya ƙone na tsawon sa'o'i 10-12, yana haifar da kwaikwayon hasken rana. Da dare, dole ne a kashe shi don kunkuru su yi barci. Idan zafin dakin bai isa ba, yi amfani da fitilar infrared wanda ba tushen haske ba, amma yana kula da zafin da ake so.

Lokacin aiki na fitilar UV ya dogara da shekarun mai rarrafe:

1. Kafin shekarun 2. Dabbobin matasa suna buƙatar hasken ultraviolet mai yawa, don haka fitilar UV yakamata tayi aiki akan daidai da mai dumama. Ba lallai ba ne a saka idanu da hasken da ke bugun kunkuru kai tsaye, tunda jiki zai dauki nauyin radiation da kansa.
2. Bayan shekaru 2. Tare da shekaru, dabbar ta yi hasarar rashin lafiyar ta zuwa haskoki na UV, amma kuma ba ta fuskanci buƙatar gaggawa a gare su ba kamar yadda a cikin yara. Rage lokacin fitilar zuwa sa'o'i 3, amma tabbatar da cewa dabbar ku yana ciyarwa aƙalla awa 1 a ƙarƙashin fitilar.

MUHIMMI! Ya kamata lokacin bayyanar UV ya fi tsayi a cikin rarraunan dabbobi masu rarrafe. A cikin hunturu, tsawon lokaci na hanyoyin yana ƙaruwa saboda ƙananan hasken rana da ke shiga cikin tagogi a cikin wuraren. Idan jadawalin aiki bai ba ku damar kiyaye tsarin ranar kunkuru ba, yi amfani da fitilu tare da kunnawa ta atomatik. Godiya ga mai ƙidayar lokaci na musamman da aka tsara na ɗan lokaci, ba lallai ne ka kunna fitilar da kanka ba.

Halaye da aka haramta kuma aka haramta

Kunkuru ba zai iya rayuwa ba tare da fitilar UV ba. Kuna iya samun adadin da ake buƙata na hasken rana kawai a lokacin rani, amma har ma a wannan yanayin, dabba na iya samun sanyi saboda canjin yanayi yayin fita waje. Na ɗan lokaci, ana iya maye gurbin fitilar UV da fitilar erythema da ake amfani da ita don tanning. Saboda tsananin ƙarfi na hasken ultraviolet da ke fitowa, matsakaicin bayyanar da irin wannan na'urar bai kamata ya wuce mintuna 10 a rana ba.

MUHIMMI! Lokacin da aka haskaka da fitilar tanning, kauce wa haɗuwa da idanu. Irin wannan hasken zai iya cutar da cornea mai rarrafe.

Lura cewa ba duk tushen hasken shuɗi ba ne zai iya maye gurbin fitilar UV. Haɗari ga kunkuru sune:

• fitilun ma'adini;
• ultraviolet irradiator na likita;
• Fitilar UV don bushewa kusoshi;
• fitilar ceton makamashi tare da hasken sanyi;
• mai gano bayanan banki;
• fitilu don shuke-shuken akwatin kifaye da kifi.

Umarni don tattara tsarin gida

Domin ajiye fitilar UV, zaka iya yin shi da kanka. Kafin ka fara, tabbatar kana da:

• tsohon gidaje daga ƙarƙashin kayan aiki ko wasu tushe don masu ɗaure;
• direba, wutar lantarki da mai haɗawa daga fitilar da ba dole ba;
• screwdrivers, fasteners da soldering iron;
• fitila mai kyalli;
• foil mai ɗaure kai;
• wayoyi daga tsohuwar kayan lantarki.

Bi umarnin da ke ƙasa:

1. Manna shari'ar (tushe na masu ɗaure) tare da tsare, ƙara wurin haske, kuma sanya fitilar a ciki.
2. Haɗa direba, wutar lantarki, mai haɗawa da wayoyi, lura da madaidaicin polarity.
3. Tabbatar cewa duk abubuwan tsarin suna daure amintacce.
4. Bincika duk haɗin gwiwa kuma haɗa fitilun zuwa na'urorin sadarwa.
5. Gyara fitilar sama da terrarium.

MUHIMMI! Kada kayi ƙoƙarin ajiyewa ba tare da gogewar da ta dace ba. Haɗin da ba daidai ba yana barazanar wuta ko rauni ga dabbobi masu rarrafe, don haka amince da masana'antun.

Kammalawa

Don jin daɗin rayuwa, kunkuru suna buƙatar nau'ikan radiation iri 3:

• ultravioletalhakin aikin da ya dace na jiki;
• haske infraredkiyaye yanayin da ake buƙata;
• hasken da ake ganialhakin kiyaye zagayowar yau da kullun.

Ka tuna cewa fitilun UV suna rasa ikonsu tare da amfani kuma suna buƙatar maye gurbinsu aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara. Idan al'amarin ya lalace, cire gutsuttsuran da kuma zubar da foda a cikin wani akwati daban kuma tabbatar da samun iska.

MUHIMMI! Saboda ƙarancin abun ciki na mercury, ana rarraba tururin a matsayin ƙananan haɗari, amma zai iya haifar da mummunar lalacewar muhalli idan ba a zubar da shi yadda ya kamata ba. Ana iya ba da na'urar da ta karye ga ma'aikatan SES ko Ma'aikatar Harkokin Gaggawa, zuwa wuraren tattarawa na musamman, ƙungiyar gudanarwa na MKD ko wani kamfani mai zaman kansa wanda ke tattara ɓarna mai haɗari don kuɗi na ƙima.

Bidiyo: fitulun da ake bukata don kunkuru na ƙasa da wurin su