Abubuwa 10 masu ban sha'awa game da hedgehogs - kyawawan mafarauta masu ban sha'awa

Bushiya na dindindin ne a cikin dajin, amma wani lokacin ana samun waɗannan dabbobi a wuraren shakatawa. Duk da allura masu kaifi, waɗannan dabbobin suna da kyau sosai kuma, haka ma, suna da amfani - suna lalata kwari masu cutarwa (abin takaici, suna cin kwari masu amfani tare da su).

Ina so in lura cewa idan bushiya ta yi rauni a cikin wani gida na rani, wannan alama ce mai kyau, amma ba kwa buƙatar ku kore shi kuma ku ɗauke shi daga muhimman lamuransa.

Mutane da yawa, mai yiwuwa, a gaban wannan dabba mai ban mamaki, tuna da zane mai ban dariya na mai zane-zane da kuma mai rairayi Yuri Norshtein "Hedgehog a cikin Fog" a 1975, inda masu yin wasan kwaikwayo abokai ne - bushiya da bear. Daga wannan zane mai ban dariya, rai ya zama ɗan dumi, koda kuwa ana ruwan sama a waje da windows, kuma "masu kyan gani" a cikin rai. Idan ba ku kalli wannan zane mai ban dariya ba tukuna, muna ba ku shawara ku kalli shi, da kuma ɗaukar ɗan lokaci kuma ku karanta game da hedgehogs - waɗannan kyawawan ƙananan dabbobi.

Mun kawo hankalin ku 10 abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da hedgehogs - prickly, amma kyawawan jarirai.

10 Daya daga cikin tsofaffin dabbobi masu shayarwa

Hedgehogs sun yadu a Turai. Mun san game da wannan dabba tun lokacin yaro, tun lokacin da muka sadu da shi daga tatsuniyoyi da zane-zane daban-daban. Hedgehogs sune tsoffin dabbobi masu shayarwa (tare da shrews) daga tsarin kwari..

A cikin shekaru miliyan 15 da suka gabata, waɗannan dabbobin suna zaune a birane da ƙasashe daban-daban. Abin da kawai shi ne cewa suna guje wa waɗancan yankunan yanayin da ake samun sanyi akai-akai, da kuma wuraren fadama.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Masana kimiyya sun gano wani tsohon "bushiya" wanda ya rayu a lokacin dinosaur (shekaru miliyan 125 da suka wuce), amma ya bambanta. Wannan halitta tana da manyan kunnuwa, gajarta gashi, doguwar riga da lallausan ciki. Ya zauna a cikin burrows kuma yana ciyar da kwari.

9. Kimanin iri 17 na bushiya

Wataƙila kun san kawai 'yan nau'ikan bushiya: eared, Dahurian, gama gari da masu tsayi. Duk da haka, akwai kusan nau'ikan shinge 17 (idan ba ƙari ba)!

Bushiya na Afirka ta Kudu, wanda ke gab da rugujewa, yana cikin littafin Red Book. Mafi yawan bushiya sune: farin ciki (wannan nau'in yana da nau'i ɗaya - babban yatsan yatsa na 5 ya ɓace a kan ƙananan tafukan sa, wanda ko kadan ba ya dace da takwarorinsa na allura), Aljeriya, na kowa (omnivore, ƙananan girman). kunnen kunne. Duk da kamanceceniya, hedgehogs sun bambanta, gami da bayyanar.

8. Kusan allura 10 kowace dabba

Abin sha'awa shine, akwai nau'ikan bushiya a duniya, kuma dukkansu sun sha bamban sosai, don haka da wuya a ce yawan kashin bayan dabba gaba daya. Mu Bature, alal misali, yana da allura 6000-7000 a cikin manya kuma daga 3000 a cikin matashi.

An yi imani da cewa yayin da bushiya ke girma, adadin allura yana ƙaruwa. Amma wannan yana faruwa ne kawai a cikin tsarin girma, to, adadin su ya daidaita kuma ana sabunta allura lokaci-lokaci. Matsakaicin adadin allura akan bushiya ya kai 10.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: wasu bushiya ba su da allura kwata-kwata, misali, a cikin jinsin Gimnur ko irin na bera. Maimakon allura, suna girma gashi, kuma a waje sun fi kama da beraye.

7. Zai iya kaiwa gudun har zuwa 3 m/s

Mutane kaɗan ne za su iya tunanin bushiya yana gudana a wani wuri kuma yana haɓaka zuwa 3 m / s. Kuma wannan abu ne mai fahimta - babu buƙatar bushiya, kuma ba za ku taba ganin dabba mai sauri ba, amma dabbar ba ta da jinkirin. Zai fi kyau kada ku yi gasa tare da shi a cikin tseren - bushiya ba kawai zai kama ku ba, amma kuma zai iya kama ku!

Amma waɗannan ba duk siffofi ba ne na dabba mai ban mamaki - idan ya cancanta, zai iya yin iyo daidai kuma har ma da tsalle zuwa tsayin kusan 3 cm (na karshen yana da wuya a yi tunanin, yarda).

6. omnivorous

Babban bushiya na gama-gari shine omnivore, Tushen gina jiki shi ne caterpillars, manya kwari, slugs, mice, earthworms, da dai sauransu. A karkashin yanayi na halitta, dabba da wuya a kai farmaki vertebrates, mafi sau da yawa amphibians ko numfarsa dabbobi masu rarrafe zama wadanda ke fama da bushiya.

Daga shuke-shuke, bushiya ya fi son 'ya'yan itatuwa da berries (sau da yawa akwai irin wannan hoton inda dabbar ke jan apple a bayansa. A gaskiya ma, bushiya na iya ɗaukar ƙananan 'ya'yan itatuwa da berries a kan alluran su, amma ba za su iya ɗagawa ba. duk apple).

Hedgehogs da aka ajiye a cikin bauta suna son cinye kayan nama, burodi, ƙwai. Sabanin sanannun imani, madara ba shine mafi kyawun abin sha don bushiya ba.

5. Hibernates a cikin hunturu

Kuma kun yi zaton beraye ne kawai suka yi? Hedgehogs kuma suna yin hibernate, duk da haka, ba su haifar da rami don wannan ba. Tun daga kaka, waɗannan kyawawan dabbobi suna sake fasalin aikin su ta wata sabuwar hanya. Sun fara neman wuri don hunturu.

Hedgehogs suna farin cikin yin amfani da ramukan da ke cikin gandun daji, inda babu wanda zai dame su: ramuka, ganye, ƙananan rassan rassan sun zama mafita mai kyau a gare su.

Hedgehogs suna da sauƙin hange a ƙarƙashin tulin tsofaffin ganye (misali, a cikin gandun daji), a cikin manyan murabba'ai ko a cikin gidajen rani. Yawancin lokaci hedgehogs suna hibernate tare da dukan iyali, amma zaka iya samun kwance kawai - a matsayin mai mulkin, waɗannan su ne matasa "bachelors".

4. Kashe kwari da rodents

Idan kun lura da bushiya a cikin gidan rani, kada ku kore shi, saboda zai zama mataimaki mai kyau a gare ku a cikin yaki da kwari, da kuma rodents.

Wasu suna neman su kori waɗannan kyawawan halittu, amma a cikin ƴan kwanaki kaɗan sun sami damar lalata kwari irin su Khrushchev da Medvedka. Zai iya zama da wahala sosai don magance waɗannan kwari, saboda. Suna aiki da dare kuma suna ɓoye a ƙarƙashin ƙasa da rana. Amma bushiyar dabba ce ta dare, kuma waɗannan kwari ba sa iya tserewa daga gare ta.

Bugu da kari, bushiya suna son cin ’ya’yan itacen da suka fado daga bishiya (wannan ya fi barin su a kasa ko jefar da su).

Don bayaninka: a lokacin lokacin 'ya'yan itace, bushiya na iya cutar da berries da kayan lambu, wanda ya kamata a la'akari. Za su iya ci strawberries ko barin zucchini cizon.

3. Soyayyen bushiya - abincin gypsy na gargajiya

Zai fi kyau a tsallake wannan batu don abin mamaki ... Domin mutane da yawa suna da tausayi don taɓa dabbobi - bushiya. Gypsies suna son cin soyayyen bushiya (wani lokacin tafasa). Kuma, dole ne in ce, wannan shi ne na farko da kawai na kasa tasa na Poland da kuma Baltic Gypsies, hade da dogon tilasta rayuwa a cikin dazuzzuka a lokacin da ake tsananta wa Gypsies a Turai.

A cikin litattafai na Medieval, an haɗu da shinge sau da yawa: an yi imanin cewa naman wannan dabba yana da amfani sosai. Musamman ma, hanjin bushiya da busasshiyar hanjin an bada shawarar yin amfani da kutare a matsayin maganin wahalar fitsari. An ba da shawarar a cikin littafin Cookbook Eberhard-Metzger.

2. Kunnen bushiya ba safai suke murɗawa ba.

Mun saba ganin hoton bushiya yana murzawa cikin kwallo, amma ba kowa ne ke son yin hakan ba. Misali, jaki mai kunne, ko da akwai haɗari, cikin ƙin yarda ya dunƙule cikin ƙwallon. Idan hatsari ya tunkaro, ya fi son ya gudu da kananun tafukan sa (wato, yana yin hakan da sauri fiye da abokansa), yayin da yake bashe da bouncing.

Ka tuna cewa bushiya yana murɗawa cikin ƙwallon don kada wani ya kama cikinsa mai laushi (ba a kiyaye shi da wani abu kuma yana da fata mai laushi). Lokacin da bushiya ta lanƙwasa, alluransa suna baje ko'ina. Wannan shine inda kalmar "Kuna kamar bushiya yana sakin alluransa”, ma’ana mutum baya yarda da kowa kuma yana cikin matsayi na kariya daga duniyar waje.

1. Sabanin abin da aka sani, bushiya ba sa sa abinci da gangan.

A kan kalanda da murfin littafin rubutu, bushiya mai ɗauke da 'ya'yan itace a kan alluransa hoto ne mai kyau sosai kuma sananne tun lokacin ƙuruciya, amma dabbobin suna yin hakan da wuya kuma ba don son kansu ba. Suna tsinka wa kansu abinci bisa bazata, amma suna jan ganyen a kansu cikin rami don kwanciya barci, saboda. hedgehogs ne dabbobi hibernating.

Tsohuwar marubucin Romawa Pliny the Elder ne ya ƙirƙira tatsuniyar ɗaukar abinci ta bushiya.. Masu zane-zane, da suka karanta maigidan, nan da nan suka fara nuna shingen da aka rataye da apples apples a cikin ayyukansu. Kuma an tafi da mu sosai har waɗannan hotuna suna tafe da mu tun muna yara.