Cututtukan kifin aquarium

Akwai abubuwa da yawa da ke shafar lafiyar kifi:

• Rashin ingancin ruwa. Dole ne a kare ruwan famfo kuma, idan ya cancanta, dole ne a ƙara shirye-shirye na musamman don kawo ruwan zuwa yanayin da ya dace da rayuwa don kifi da sauran dabbobin kifin aquarium.
• Rashin daidaituwa saboda canjin ruwa ko farawar kifin da bai dace ba, kuma da wuri na mamaye kifi.
• Cin abinci fiye da kima. Ruwan ya zama gurɓatacce, ingancinsa ya ragu, kuma kifi ba sa jin daɗin ci sosai, yawancin su ba su da ma'ana.
• Yawan jama'a, rashin jituwa na mazauna. Kafin siyan kifi da kuke so, kuna buƙatar gano yanayin kiyaye shi, ko yana tafiya tare da sauran mazaunan akwatin kifayen ku. Hakanan la'akari da yawan yawan jama'a. Kada a sami kifin da yawa.
• Rashin kula da keɓe ga sabon kifi da kuma shigar da dabbobi marasa lafiya. Bayan siyan sabon kifi, wajibi ne a zauna a cikin wani akwatin kifaye daban, don keɓewa. Wannan shi ne don tabbatar da cewa kifayen suna da lafiya kuma ba za su cutar da sauran mazaunan akwatin kifayen ku ba. Lokacin keɓewar yana daga makonni 3 zuwa 8, saboda a cikin wannan lokacin ne cutar, idan akwai, ta riga ta bayyana.

Manyan cututtuka da bayyanar su

Pseudomonosis (fin rot)

Dalilin da ya haifar da cutar shine kwayar cutar Pseudomonas. Daya daga cikin mafi yawan cututtuka. Yana tasowa sau da yawa a cikin gurɓataccen ruwa, da kuma lokacin da aka ajiye shi cikin ruwan sanyi sosai. Kwayar cutar ta kwayan cuta tana bayyana ta hanyar zaizayar fins, bayyanar wani lullubi mai duhu a kansu, kuma ana iya ganin ɗigo jajayen. Da farko, zaizayar kasa tana a gefen fin, daga baya fin ya karye ya zama haskoki, haskoki na faɗuwa a ƙarshensa, layin yazawa yawanci ana iya gani a fili ta launin fari-bluish. A cikin ƙananan kifaye, fins yakan karye har tushe, inda farin miki ya fito, ƙasusuwa na iya fitowa, kuma kifi ya mutu. Ana amfani da wanka mai gishiri, bicillin-5, chloramphenicol, streptocid don magani.

Saprolegniosis

Cutar fungal, wakili mai haddasawa - mold fungi Saprolegnia. Mafi sau da yawa yana tasowa azaman kamuwa da cuta na biyu a cikin gurɓataccen ruwa mai yawa ko a cikin kifin da wata cuta ta raunana. Ana bayyana shi ta hanyar bayyanar wani nau'i mai launin fari ko launin rawaya mai haske da bakin bakin ciki a yankin da abin ya shafa. Yana iya shafar kowane bangare na jiki, sau da yawa - gills, fins, idanu, da ƙwai. Hasken fins yana haɗuwa tare kuma ya rushe, idan naman gwari yana kan gills - gill filaments sun zama launin toka kuma sun mutu, idan a gaban idanu - kifi ya rasa gani, ido ya zama fari. Mara lafiya ya rasa ci, ya zama mara aiki, ya kwanta a ƙasa. Ba tare da magani da haɓaka yanayi a cikin akwatin kifaye ba, galibi kifin ya mutu. Jiyya - streptocid, bicillin-5 ana amfani dashi a cikin akwatin kifaye na kowa, a cikin wani akwati dabam - gishiri, jan karfe sulfate (a hankali, idan adadin ba daidai ba ne, zai cutar da kifi). Yana da sauƙi don hana idan kun kiyaye akwatin kifaye mai tsabta.  

ascites (ciwon zuciya)

Yana aiki sau da yawa azaman alamar cututtuka da yawa, parasitic da kwayan cuta. An kwatanta shi da ƙwayar mucous, kuma daga baya ta hanyar lalata ganuwar hanji, tarin ruwa a cikin rami na ciki, ciki ya kumbura, ma'auni ya tashi sama da saman jiki da ruffled, ƙwanƙwasa idanu na iya tasowa. Kifi na iya rataye a wuri ɗaya na dogon lokaci, ya zama mara aiki. A mataki na ruffling ma'auni, magani ba shi da tasiri, a farkon matakai, Baktopur, Oxytetracycline za a iya amfani da, idan yawan mutuwar kifaye, da akwatin kifaye an sake farawa da disinfection.

Exophthalmos (kumburin idanu)

Sau da yawa yana faruwa tare da gurɓataccen ruwa, kuma yana iya zama alamar wasu cututtuka. Idanun - ɗaya ko duka biyu - suna ƙaruwa da girma kuma suna fitowa daga kewayawa, saman ya zama gajimare, wannan yana faruwa ne saboda tarin ruwa a ciki ko bayan ido. A lokuta masu tsanani, kifin na iya rasa ido gaba daya. Hanyoyin magani ya kamata a dogara ne akan dalilin cutar da kuma inganta yanayin a cikin akwatin kifaye.

Tuberculosis (mycobacteriosis)

Abubuwan da ke haifar da tarin fuka na kifi shine ƙwayoyin cuta Mycobacterium piscum Alamomin wannan cuta na iya bambanta sosai. A cikin cichlids, alamu sune gajiya, rashin narkewa, lalata fata, da samuwar ulcers. A cikin labyrinths - idanu masu tasowa, hunchback, asarar ma'auni, karuwa a cikin rami na ciki da kuma cika shi da taro mai curd. A cikin kifin zinari - rashin narkewa, ɗigon ruwa, idanu masu tasowa, asarar ma'auni. A cikin Characins da Pecilias, akwai curvature na kashin baya, ciwace-ciwacen daji da ulcers, dige-dige, bulging idanu. Ana zaluntar kifaye marasa lafiya, suna iyo a cikin wani wuri mai nisa tare da kawunansu sama, suna ɓoye a wurare masu ɓoye. Ana iya magance cutar tarin fuka kawai a farkon matakan, galibi suna amfani da kanamycin da rifampicin, suna ciyar da shi zuwa kifi tare da abinci, ko isoniazid, suna ƙara ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye. Idan cutar ta ci gaba da yawa, ya rage don lalata kifin, kuma ta sake farawa akwatin kifaye tare da cikakkiyar disinfection. Kwayoyin cuta na iya zama haɗari ga mutane, amma ƙwayar cuta ba ita ce ke haifar da tarin fuka a cikin mutane ba. Wannan cuta kuma ana kiranta akwatin kifaye granuloma, yana bayyana kanta a cikin nau'i na haushi na fata, raunuka da abrasions ba sa warkewa na dogon lokaci, suna da sauƙin ƙonewa. Kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa da wuya, sau da yawa a cikin mutanen da ke da raunin tsarin rigakafi da cututtukan fata da suka rigaya. Idan kun yi zargin fashewar tarin fuka a cikin akwatin kifaye, yana da kyau a yi aiki tare da safofin hannu.

Hexamitosis

Cutar ta samo asali ne daga ƙwayoyin cuta na protozoan, flagellates Hexamita (Octomitus) truttae, wanda ke lalata hanji da gallbladder na kifi. Kifi ya zama bakin ciki sosai, ya zama mara aiki, dubura ta yi zafi, najasa yana samun slimy, danko, farar fata. Layin gefe yana duhu, tubercles, ulcers suna bayyana a jiki da kuma kai, har zuwa manyan ramuka tare da farin taro a cikinsu. Fins, murfi da nama na guringuntsi sun lalace. Mafi saukin kamuwa da cutar shine cichlids - astronotus, flowerhorns, scalars, da discus, kifin labyrinth, sau da yawa cutar ta shafi catfish, characins da cyprinids. Maganin ya ƙunshi da hannu wajen magance manyan ulcers tare da spirohexol ko flagellol, yana haɓaka yawan zafin jiki zuwa 33-35 digiri Celsius, amma la'akari da halaye na kifi - ba kowa ba ne zai iya tsayayya da irin wannan zafin jiki. Hakanan, magani yana tare da erythrocycline (40-50 mg / l) tare da ƙari na griseofulvin ko metronidazole (10 mg / l) na kwanaki 10-12. Bayan jiyya, gyambon ya warke, ya bar tabo da tabo.

Lepidortosis

Cutar cututtuka, da causative wakili na kwayoyin Aeromonas punctata da Pseudomonas fluorescens, a cikin abin da kananan kumfa tare da ruwa samar a karkashin Sikeli na kifi, yayin da Sikeli tashi da ruffle. Bayan lokaci, ruffing ya yada zuwa ga jiki duka, sikelin ya fadi kuma kifi ya mutu. Jiyya yana da tasiri kawai a farkon matakan. Ana amfani da Bicillin-5, biomycin, streptocide a cikin nau'in wanka a cikin akwatin kifaye na kowa. Idan cutar ta ci gaba da yawa, yawan adadin akwatin kifaye ya lalace, an sake kunna akwatin kifayen tare da tsangwama.

Branchiomycosis

Cutar cututtukan fungal, ƙwayoyin cuta - fungi Branchiomyces sanguinis da B.demigrans, yana rinjayar gills. Ratsi masu launin toka da tabo suna bayyana akan gills, sa'an nan kuma filayen gill ɗin sun mutu, kuma murfin gill ɗin ya lalace. Kifayen ba su da aiki, suna kwance a cikin sasanninta na akwatin kifaye, a zahiri ba sa amsawa ga abubuwan motsa jiki na waje. Cutar tana ci gaba da sauri, har zuwa 3% na kifin suna mutuwa a cikin kwanaki 7-70. Ana yin jiyya a cikin akwati daban, tare da jan karfe sulfate (a hankali), rivanol. An tsabtace akwatin kifaye sosai.

Arguloz

Ƙananan crustaceans translucent na jinsin Argulus, waɗanda kuma ana kiran su "carpoed" da "kwarjin kifi", parasitize akan kifi, haɗawa da fata da fins, da shan jini. A wurin da aka makala, zubar jini da gyambon da ba ya warkar da su, suna iya kamuwa da kwayoyin cuta da fungi, kifin ya zama mai kasala da kasala. Jiyya ya haɗa da jigging, wanka tare da mafita na potassium permanganate, chlorophos da cyprinopur, da kuma kawar da inji na crustaceans tare da tweezers, wanda za'a iya yin sauƙi saboda ƙananan ƙananan - har zuwa 0,6 cm - girman crustacean.

Ichthyophthiriosis (manka)

Kifi yana kamuwa da ciliates Ichthyophthiruus multifiliis. Ƙananan fararen hatsi sun zama sananne a jiki, abin da ake kira tubercles dermoid, kama da semolina, wanda sunan "semolina" ke hade da cutar. Akwai alamun bayyanar cututtuka irin su rauni, itching, rage yawan aiki. Kuna iya magance shi ta hanyar rage iskar kifin aquarium da ƙara gishiri a cikin ruwa, kuma amfani da malachite kore, Kostapur.

Oodinia (cutar karammiski, karammiski cuta, zinariya kura)

Cutar kuma ana haifar da ita ta hanyar protozoan Piscnoodinium pillulare. Babban alamar ita ce ƙananan hatsi a jiki, kama da ƙurar zinariya ko yashi mai kyau. Kifi yana nuna "matsi", ɓoye, tattara a saman ko ƙasa. Fin ɗin suna manne tare, daga baya kuma suka rabu, suka bar haskoki kawai. An lalatar da ƙwanƙolin, fatar jiki ta fita, kuma kifi ya mutu. Kifin carp da labyrinth sun fi kamuwa da cutar. Jiyya - bicillin 5, jan karfe sulfate.

Ichthyobodosis

Parasite - flagellate Costia (Ichthyobodo) necatrix yana cutar da mucous membrane na kifi. Ana iya ganin tabo mara nauyi mai duhu a jiki. Ƙunƙara suna haɗuwa tare, ƙungiyoyin kifin sun zama marasa dabi'a kuma sun ƙuntata. Gill ɗin ya kumbura kuma ya zama an rufe shi da wani nau'i na ƙwayar cuta, ginshiƙan ƙullun suna fitowa zuwa tarnaƙi. Kifin ya tsaya kusa da saman, yana haki. Jiyya - wanka tare da malachite kore, gishiri gishiri, potassium permanganate. Methylene blue yana taimakawa hana saprolegniosis daga tasowa akan kifin da ya shafa.  

Gyrodactylosis

Gyrodactylus tsutsotsi suna lalata jiki da fins. An lullube jiki da ƙumburi na ƙura, tabo mai haske, yashwa, da zubar jini a kan kifi. Fin ɗin sun lalace kuma an lalata su. Kifin yana iyo sosai, yana firgita. Jiyya ya ƙunshi gabatar da shirye-shiryen praziquantel a cikin akwatin kifaye, da kuma yin amfani da wanka na gishiri na ɗan gajeren lokaci.  

Glugeosis

Cutar cututtuka, wakili mai haddasawa - sporozoan Glugea. Red spots, ciwace-ciwacen daji, ulcers bayyana a kan kifi, bulging idanu tasowa. Cysts a cikin nama mai haɗawa suna samar da pineal outgrowths, samuwar cysts a cikin cavities na jiki da kuma gabobin ciki yana haifar da mutuwar kifin. Babu magani, yana da kyawawa don halakar da duk mazaunan akwatin kifaye, tafasa shimfidar wuri, disinfect da akwatin kifaye. Sau da yawa, cututtuka suna tasowa tare da rashin kulawar akwatin kifaye, rashin isassun tacewa da mitar tsaftacewa, yanayin ruwa mara kyau da sigogi, ciyar da abinci mai rai da ba a gwada ba, da rashin keɓe ga sabbin dabbobi. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a bi ka'idodin kula da akwatin kifaye.