Friesian irin
Tarihin irin
Nauyin doki na Friesian yana ษaya daga cikin mafi tsufa kuma mafi kyawun nau'ikan dawakan turawa. Wannan nau'in yana da dogon tarihi mai cike da sarkakiya, wanda ya sha wahala a rayuwarsa, amma yanzu yana kan kololuwar shahararsa.
ฦasarta ta asali ita ce yankin Friesland a arewacin Holland. A wadannan wurare, an samu kasusuwa na wani tsohon nau'in dawakai masu nauyi, wadanda ake ganin zuriyarsu 'yan Frisiyya ne na zamani.
An sami nassoshi da yawa game da dawakan Friesian a cikin takardun Romawa, ciki har da Julius Kaisar da Tacitus. Kakanni na nesa na Frisians na zamani sun kasance masu karfi, masu yawa, amma ba su da kyau sosai. An yi imani da cewa nau'in dawakai na Friesian yana da kyakkyawan fata ga tasirin jinin gabas. Bayanan baya da kwatanci tun daga tsakiyar zamanai sun bayyana Frisiyawa a matsayin manya, nauyi kuma a lokaci guda dawakan yaqi masu daraja - amintattun sahabbai a cikin yakin crusades da gasar jousting.
Dawakai na Friesian suna da kyawawan halaye na aiki: nauyi isa ya ษauki mahayi da duk kayan aiki, amma a lokaci guda agile da frisky. Da shigewar lokaci, sun sami tsarin jiki mai jituwa kuma sun zama ษaya daga cikin nau'ikan da aka fi amfani da su a cikin harkokin soja. An fitar da dawakai na Friesian zuwa Ingila da Norway, inda suka yi tasiri ga samuwar wasu nau'o'in, irin su Shire.
Har ila yau, daga baya, Frisians sun rinjayi bayyanar halayen dawakai a cikin dawakan Oryol. Bugu da ฦari, Oryol trotter ya gaji wasu siffofi na waje daga frieze: babban girma da ฦafafu na kasusuwa tare da manyan kofato, waษanda aka yi wa ado da goge.
Wani sabon mataki a cikin ci gaban nau'in Friesian ya fara a lokacin yakin tsakanin Holland da Spain. Sakamakon kwararowar jinin Andalus da na larabawa zuwa dawakan Friesian, sai suka fara kyan gani da kyan gani. Tafiya kuma ta inganta: dawakan Friesian sun fara tafiya a wani wuri mai sanyi, amma santsi. A wannan zamanin, manufar dawakin Friesian ya canza - yanzu an fara amfani da su don dalilai na zaman lafiya a matsayin dawakai. A nan, halaye na musamman na dawakai na Friesian sun fi buฦata: haษuwa da ฦarfi da ฦarfi, kyakkyawar tafiya da waje mai jituwa.
A ฦarshen Renaissance, ana ษaukar dawakai na Friesian a matsayin nau'in girman kai: an yi amfani da su don tafiye-tafiyen faretin da kotunan sarauta na Netherlands, Denmark, da Luxembourg.
A yau, dawakai na Friesian sune kawai daftarin nau'in a cikin duniya waษanda ake amfani da su akai-akai a cikin gasa na sutura. A lokaci guda, ba su rasa ainihin manufarsu ba kuma ana amfani da su a gasar rukuni-rukuni, kuma suna cikin rukunin sarakunan Denmark, Luxembourg, da Netherlands.
Siffofin na waje na irin
Dawakai na Friesian suna da girma a girman (tsawo a bushewa 158-165 cm), kasusuwa, amma kyawawan kafafu. Nauyin su shine 600-680 kg. Shugaban babba ne, dogo, tare da madaidaicin bayanin martaba kuma wajen dogayen kunnuwa. Idanun suna bayyanawa, duhu. Wuyan yana da tsoka, mai ฦarfi, amma a lokaci guda yana da kyan gani, tare da babban saiti. ฦunฦarar suna da tsayi kuma suna da kyau sosai. Kirjin yana da tsayi, zurfi, faษin matsakaici. Jikin yana ษan ษan tsawo, baya yana da tsayi, sau da yawa taushi. Gabas ษin suna da tsayi da ฦarfi. Fatar Frisians tana da kauri sosai, gashi gajere ne kuma mai sheki.
Irin nau'in Friesian yana da kauri mai kauri da tsayi da wutsiya, da kuma goge goge a kafafu. Waษannan goge-goge suna farawa da tsayi sosai kuma suna faษuwa cikin kauri mai kauri zuwa kofato. Wannan fasalin shine farkon halayen dawakan Friesian kuma sun yi ฦaura zuwa wasu nau'ikan da ake kira 'yanci. Wannan yana ba su kallon "baฦi". Da alama dawakan Friesian sun sauko daga shafukan litattafan chivalric.
A baya, ana samun dawakai na Friesian a launuka daban-daban (baฦar fata, bay, launin toka, chubar), amma sakamakon rikice-rikice da yawa da nau'in ya sha, bambancin jinsin ya ragu kuma dawakan Friesian na zamani baฦar fata ne.
Akwai ma wata al'ada ta musamman tsakanin masu shayarwa - kar a taษa ja ko yanke wutsiya, ko mane, ko gogewar dawakan Friesian, ta yadda sukan girma har ฦasa.
Halin dawakai na Friesian yana da rai, mai kuzari, amma ba tare da wuce gona da iri ba, kamar duk manyan motoci masu nauyi, Frisians suna daidaitawa, biyayya ga mahayi, kwantar da hankula da kyawawan dabi'u. Wani fa'idar nau'in ita ce matsakaiciyar rashin fahimta: waษannan dawakai suna jure wa canjin yanayi da kyau, kodayake sun fi buฦatar ingancin abinci idan aka kwatanta da sauran manyan manyan motoci.
Aikace-aikace da nasarori
A halin yanzu, ana amfani da dawakai na Friesian don gasa ta ฦungiya, sutura, da wasan kwaikwayo na circus. Sau da yawa, dawakai na wannan nau'in kuma ana iya samun su a kan jerin fina-finai na tarihi - wanda, idan ba Frisians ba, zai iya isar da yanayin tsakiyar zamanai! Baya ga wasanni, ana amfani da dawakan Friesian sau da yawa a cikin hayar mai son: galibi ana ajiye su azaman dabbobi kuma ana amfani da su don hawan doki ta mahayan da ba a horar da su ba. Godiya ga jin daษin tafiya da kwanciyar hankali, waษannan dawakai suna da aminci sosai ga masu farawa.
A duk faษin duniya, dawakai na Friesian sune masu sha'awar jama'a na circus da masu sha'awar wasannin motsa jiki da ke ฦara shahara. Kuma a ฦasarsu, a cikin Netherlands, ฦungiyar Frisiyawa a al'adance suna buษe taron shekara-shekara na Majalisar a matsayin wani ษangare na tashin sarauta a hukumance.
Kwararru da masu shayarwa na dawakai na Friesian suna alfahari cewa, tun 1985, Royal Stables na Burtaniya kuma sun kiyaye Friesians. A sakamakon haka, a ranar Talata na uku na Satumba 1989, a karo na farko a tarihi, dawakai na Friesian sun ษauki karusar zinariya ta sarauta a lokacin buษe majalisar.
Friezes sun kasance wani ษangare na dawakai shida da aka yi amfani da su zuwa hawan Sarauta a bikin buษe wasannin dawaki na duniya a Hague a 1994.
