Grey hamster (hoto)

Hamster mai launin toka (Cricetulus migratoius) na cikin zuriyar hamsters masu launin toka na dangin hamster, wani rukuni na rodents.

Appearance

Tsawon jikin dabba yana daga 9 zuwa 13 cm. Wutsiya ta kusan babu, gajere, har zuwa 4 cm. Bayanin launi na hamster mai launin toka ya bambanta dangane da wurin zama, wannan ya faru ne saboda aikin kamanninsa. Jawo mai laushi yana faruwa daga haske zuwa launin toka mai duhu. Ƙarƙashin jiki koyaushe haske ne, fawn. Kunnuwa ƙanana ne, zagaye, babu iyaka haske. An lulluɓe ƙafafu da gashi zuwa kiran kira. Baƙaƙen idanuwa da jakar kunci na rodent ɗin suna da girman gaske.

Habitat

Yawancin nau'ikan suna zaune a cikin lebur da tsaunin tsaunuka, wuraren hamada, amma wani lokaci suna zaɓar nau'in agrolandscape a matsayin wurin zama. A cikin ƙasa na Rasha, mazaunin ya haɗa da kudancin yankin Turai na ƙasar, kudancin yammacin Siberiya da Caucasus.

Life

Hamster mai launin toka yana da dare, wani lokacin yana aiki a rana. Don neman abinci, dole ne ya yi motsi da yawa, amma da wuya ya bar gidan ya yi nisa. Yawancin lokaci yana da mita 200-300. Koyaya, an gano a zahiri cewa ko da kasancewa a nesa na mita 700 daga gidan, hamster mai launin toka yana iya samun hanyar gida cikin sauƙi.

Ba kasafai rogon ke tona rami ba, ya gwammace ya mamaye gidajen moles, beraye, beraye ko squirrels da aka yi watsi da su. Wani lokaci ana samun su a cikin matsuguni na halitta (ramukan duwatsu ko masu sanya duwatsu). In ba haka ba, yana yin rami da kansa, yana sauka a kusurwar 30-40 cm. Bugu da ƙari, ɗakin gida a cikin rami, akwai ko da yaushe kuma ajiyar abinci - sito.

A cikin lokacin sanyi, dabba na iya fada cikin rashin kwanciyar hankali (wannan ya fi dacewa ga hamsters da ke zaune a arewa ko a cikin tsaunuka), amma sau da yawa ana lura da shi a saman kuma a yanayin zafi.

Grey hamsters suna haihuwa daga Afrilu zuwa Satumba, a wannan lokacin ayyukan yau da kullun na dabbobi yana ƙaruwa. Ciki yana daga kwanaki 15 zuwa 20, kuma a lokacin kakar mace na iya kawo lita 3 na 'ya'yan 5-10 kowace. An daidaita ci gaban matasa a cikin shekaru har zuwa makonni 4.

Yawanci yana rinjayar yawan hazo a lokacin lokacin kiwo: yana ƙaruwa a cikin shekaru bushe, amma har yanzu yana da ƙananan ƙananan. Hamster mai launin toka ya fi son kadaici; manyan gungu na mutane na wannan nau'in suna da wuya sosai. Makiya na halitta tsuntsaye ne na ganima (harrier, owl) da dabbobi masu shayarwa (fox, ferret, ermine). Yin amfani da magungunan kashe qwari da takin gargajiya na iya shafar yawan.

Dabbar ba ta da fa'ida a cikin abinci mai gina jiki - omnivorous. Ana ba da fifiko ga ciyarwar hatsi, tsaba marasa girma da inflorescences na hatsi.

Wani lokaci dabba na iya cin sassa masu laushi na tsire-tsire masu launin kore, amma ba ya cinye abinci maras kyau kamar ciyawa, sabanin vole mai alaƙa. Da son rai hamster mai launin toka yana cin beetles, tsutsotsi, katantanwa, caterpillars, tururuwa, larvae na kwari.

Matakan kariya na nau'ikan

Wurin zama na dabbobi yana da faɗi sosai, amma yawan dabbobin ba su da yawa. Idan rabin karni da suka wuce dabbar ta kasance ruwan dare a cikin steppe, yanzu yana da wuyar gaske. Babu takamaiman lambobi.

A yawancin yankuna na Rasha, an jera hamster launin toka a cikin Littafin Red na yanki. Yankunan da aka ba da nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i-nau'i na nazari): Lipetsk, Samara, Tula, Ryazan, Chelyabinsk.

Yanayin tsarewa

A cikin zaman talala, nau'in ba shi da fa'ida, yanayin tsarewa a zahiri bai bambanta da shawarwarin hamster na zinare ba. Duk da cewa a cikin yanayi hamster launin toka yana cin nau'ikan iri da abinci na dabba, a gida yana da kyau a ba da fifiko ga cakuda abinci da aka shirya don rodents. Wannan zai samar da daidaitaccen abinci. A cikin babban keji, yakamata a shigar da dabaran gudu, kwanon sha da karamin gida. A hankali dabbar ta saba da mai ita, ta fara gane fuskarsa da hannayensa. A lokuta da ba kasafai ba, hamster mai launin toka yana iya tunawa da sunansa har ya zo kiran. Wannan dabbar mai ido babba tana iya zama dabbar gida idan an sami biyan buƙatunta da ɗan kulawa da kulawa.