Abinci mai daɗi ga aladun Guinea
Abinci masu daɗi sun haɗa da 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan marmari, tushen amfanin gona da gourds. Dukkansu dabbobi ne ke cin su da kyau, suna da kayan abinci masu yawa, suna da wadatar carbohydrates masu narkewa cikin sauƙi, amma suna da ƙarancin furotin, mai da ma'adanai, musamman masu mahimmanci kamar calcium da phosphorus.
Yellow da ja irin karas, dauke da yawa carotene, su ne mafi muhimmanci succulent abinci daga tushen amfanin gona. Yawancin lokaci ana ciyar da su ga mata a lokacin daukar ciki da kuma shayarwa, don kiwo maza a lokacin jima'i, da kuma ga yara matasa.
Daga sauran kayan amfanin gona na tushen, dabbobi suna son cin gwoza sugar, rutabaga, turnips, da turnips.
Rutabaga (Brassica napus L. subsp. napus) an haife shi ne don tushen ci. Launi na tushen shine fari ko rawaya, kuma babban ɓangarensa, yana fitowa daga ƙasa, yana samun koren kore, ja-launin ruwan kasa ko shunayya. Naman tushen amfanin gona yana da ɗanɗano, mai yawa, rawaya, ƙasa da sau da yawa fari, mai daɗi, tare da takamaiman ɗanɗanon man mustard. Tushen swede ya ƙunshi 11-17% busassun kwayoyin halitta, ciki har da 5-10% sugars, wanda aka wakilta musamman ta glucose, har zuwa 2% danyen furotin, 1,2% fiber, 0,2% mai, da 23-70 mg% ascorbic acid. . (bitamin C), bitamin na rukunin B da P, salts na potassium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium, sulfur. Tushen amfanin gona ana adana su da kyau a cikin ginshiƙai da ɗakunan ajiya a ƙananan yanayin zafi kuma suna kasancewa sabo kusan duk shekara. Tushen amfanin gona da ganye ( saman) dabbobin gida ne suke ci da son rai, don haka ana noman rutabaga a matsayin abinci da amfanin gona.
Karas (Daucus sativus (Hoffm.) Roehl) tsiro ne na shekaru biyu daga dangin Orchidaceae wanda shine amfanin gona mai kima mai kima, tushen amfanin gonarsa yana cin kowane nau'in dabbobi da kaji. An haifi nau'in karas na musamman na fodder, wanda aka bambanta da manyan tushen girma kuma, saboda haka, yawan amfanin ƙasa. Ba kawai tushen amfanin gona ba, har ma da ganyen karas ana amfani da su don abinci. Tushen karas ya ƙunshi busassun busassun 10-19%, gami da furotin har zuwa 2,5% da sukari 12%. A sugars samar da dadi dandano na karas Tushen. Bugu da kari, tushen amfanin gona ya ƙunshi pectin, bitamin C (har zuwa 20 MG%), B1, B2, B6, E, K, P, PP, calcium, phosphorus, iron, cobalt, boron, chromium, jan karfe, aidin da sauran abubuwan ganowa. abubuwa. Amma babban taro na launin carotene a cikin tushen (har zuwa 37 MG%) yana ba da darajar musamman ga karas. A cikin mutane da dabbobi, carotene yana canza shi zuwa bitamin A, wanda sau da yawa yakan rasa. Don haka, cin karas yana da fa'ida sosai ba don abubuwan gina jiki ba, amma saboda yana samarwa jiki da kusan dukkanin bitamin da yake buƙata.
turnip (Brassica rapa L.) ana shuka shi don amfanin gonar sa mai ci. Naman tushen amfanin gona yana da ɗanɗano, rawaya ko fari, tare da ɗanɗano mai daɗi na musamman. Sun ƙunshi daga 8 zuwa 17% busassun kwayoyin halitta, ciki har da 3,5-9%. Sugars, wanda aka wakilta galibi ta hanyar glucose, har zuwa 2% furotin danyen, 1.4% fiber, 0,1% mai, da 19-73 MG% ascorbic acid (bitamin C), 0,08-0,12 mg% thiamine. bitamin B1), dan kadan riboflavin (bitamin B2), carotene (provitamin A), nicotinic acid (bitamin PP), salts na potassium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium, sulfur. Man mustard da ke cikinsa yana ba da ƙamshi na musamman da ɗanɗano mai daɗi ga tushen turnip. A cikin hunturu, ana adana amfanin gona na tushen a cikin cellars da cellars. Ana tabbatar da mafi kyawun adanawa a cikin duhu a zazzabi na 0 ° zuwa 1 ° C, musamman idan an yayyafa tushen tushen da busassun yashi ko guntun peat. Turnip stern kotunan ana kiransa turnips. Ba kawai tushen amfanin gona ake ciyar da, amma kuma turnip ganye.
Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L. subsp. esculenta Guerke), tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara daga dangin haze, yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun abincin abinci. Tushen amfanin gona na iri daban-daban sun bambanta da siffar, girman, launi. Yawanci tushen amfanin gona na gwoza tebur bai wuce nauyin rabin kilogram ba tare da diamita na 10-20 cm. Bangaren tushen amfanin gona ya zo a cikin nau'ikan inuwa iri-iri na ja da ja. Bar tare da farantin igiya-ovate da kuma tsayin petioles. Petiole da tsakiyar jijiya yawanci tsananin burgundy ne a launi, sau da yawa duk ruwan ganye ja-kore ne.
Duk saiwoyi da ganyaye da 'ya'yan itatuwansu ana cinye su. Tushen amfanin gona ya ƙunshi 14-20% busassun kwayoyin halitta, ciki har da 8-12,5% sugars, wakilta yafi sucrose, 1-2,4% danyen furotin, game da 1,2% pectin, 0,7% fiber, da kuma har zuwa 25 MG na ascorbic acid (bitamin C), bitamin B1, B2, P da PP, malic, tartaric, lactic acid, salts na potassium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium. A cikin petioles na gwoza, abun ciki na bitamin C ya fi girma a cikin tushen amfanin gona - har zuwa 50 MG.
Beets kuma sun dace saboda tushen amfanin gonakin su, idan aka kwatanta da sauran kayan lambu, an bambanta su ta hanyar haske mai kyau - ba sa lalacewa na dogon lokaci a lokacin ajiya na dogon lokaci, ana adana su cikin sauƙi har sai bazara, wanda ya ba su damar ciyar da su sabo ne kusan dukkanin. shekara zagaye. Ko da yake sun zama masu tauri da tauri a lokaci guda, wannan ba matsala ba ce ga rodents, suna son cin kowane beets.
Don dalilai na abinci, an ƙirƙiri nau'ikan beets na musamman. Launi na tushen gwoza fodder ya bambanta sosai - daga kusan fari zuwa rawaya mai zafi, orange, ruwan hoda da ja. An ƙaddara darajar abincin su ta hanyar abun ciki na 6-12% sukari, wani adadin furotin da bitamin.
Tushen da tuber amfanin gona, musamman a lokacin sanyi, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ciyar da dabbobi. Tushen amfanin gona ( turnips, beets, da dai sauransu) ya kamata a ba da danye a cikin yankakken tsari; an riga an tsabtace su daga ƙasa kuma an wanke su.
Ana shirya kayan lambu da tushen amfanin gona don ciyarwa kamar haka: suna warwarewa, zubar da ruɓaɓɓen jini, ɓawon burodi, amfanin gona mara launi, kuma cire ƙasa, tarkace, da sauransu, sannan a yanke wuraren da abin ya shafa da wuka, a wanke a yanka a kananan ƙananan.
Gourds - kabewa, zucchini, kankana fodder - sun ƙunshi ruwa mai yawa (90% ko fiye), sakamakon abin da gaba ɗaya darajar sinadiran su ba ya da yawa, amma dabbobi suna cinye su da son rai. Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L var, giromontia Duch.) shine amfanin gona mai kyau. Ana shuka shi don 'ya'yan itatuwa. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun isa kasuwa (na fasaha) cikakke kwanaki 40-60 bayan germination. A cikin yanayin girma na fasaha, fatar zucchini yana da taushi sosai, naman yana da ɗanɗano, fari, kuma har yanzu ba a rufe tsaba da harsashi mai wuya ba. Bangaren 'ya'yan itacen squash ya ƙunshi daga 4 zuwa 12% busassun kwayoyin halitta, gami da 2-2,5% sugars, pectin, 12-40 MG% ascorbic acid (bitamin C). Daga baya, lokacin da 'ya'yan itatuwan squash suka kai ga girma na ilimin halitta, ƙimar su mai gina jiki ya ragu sosai, saboda naman yana rasa juiciness kuma ya zama kusan kusan tauri kamar haushi na waje, wanda Layer na nama na inji - sclerenchyma - tasowa. Cikakkun 'ya'yan itatuwa na zucchini sun dace kawai don abincin dabbobi. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Cucumbers masu dacewa da ilimin halitta sune ovaries masu kwanaki 6-15. Launinsu a yanayin kasuwanci (watau ba cikakke ba) kore ne, tare da cikar cikar halitta sun zama rawaya, launin ruwan kasa ko fari. Cucumbers ƙunshi daga 2 zuwa 6% busassun kwayoyin halitta, ciki har da 1-2,5% sugars, 0,5-1% danyen furotin, 0,7% fiber, 0,1% mai, kuma har zuwa 20 MG% carotene (provitamin A). ), bitamin B1, B2, wasu abubuwa masu alama (musamman aidin), salts calcium (har zuwa 150 MG), sodium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, da dai sauransu. Ya kamata a ambaci musamman game da cucurbitacin glycoside da ke cikin kokwamba. Yawancin lokaci ba mu lura da shi ba, amma a lokuta inda wannan abu ya taru, kokwamba ko sassansa, mafi yawan lokuta na kyallen takarda, ya zama mai ɗaci, maras amfani. 94-98% na taro na kokwamba ruwa ne, sabili da haka, darajar sinadirai na wannan kayan lambu yana da ƙasa. Kokwamba yana inganta mafi kyawun sha na sauran abinci, musamman, yana inganta haɓakar mai. 'Ya'yan itãcen wannan shuka sun ƙunshi enzymes waɗanda ke ƙara yawan ayyukan bitamin B.
Abinci masu daɗi sun haɗa da 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan marmari, tushen amfanin gona da gourds. Dukkansu dabbobi ne ke cin su da kyau, suna da kayan abinci masu yawa, suna da wadatar carbohydrates masu narkewa cikin sauƙi, amma suna da ƙarancin furotin, mai da ma'adanai, musamman masu mahimmanci kamar calcium da phosphorus.
Yellow da ja irin karas, dauke da yawa carotene, su ne mafi muhimmanci succulent abinci daga tushen amfanin gona. Yawancin lokaci ana ciyar da su ga mata a lokacin daukar ciki da kuma shayarwa, don kiwo maza a lokacin jima'i, da kuma ga yara matasa.
Daga sauran kayan amfanin gona na tushen, dabbobi suna son cin gwoza sugar, rutabaga, turnips, da turnips.
Rutabaga (Brassica napus L. subsp. napus) an haife shi ne don tushen ci. Launi na tushen shine fari ko rawaya, kuma babban ɓangarensa, yana fitowa daga ƙasa, yana samun koren kore, ja-launin ruwan kasa ko shunayya. Naman tushen amfanin gona yana da ɗanɗano, mai yawa, rawaya, ƙasa da sau da yawa fari, mai daɗi, tare da takamaiman ɗanɗanon man mustard. Tushen swede ya ƙunshi 11-17% busassun kwayoyin halitta, ciki har da 5-10% sugars, wanda aka wakilta musamman ta glucose, har zuwa 2% danyen furotin, 1,2% fiber, 0,2% mai, da 23-70 mg% ascorbic acid. . (bitamin C), bitamin na rukunin B da P, salts na potassium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium, sulfur. Tushen amfanin gona ana adana su da kyau a cikin ginshiƙai da ɗakunan ajiya a ƙananan yanayin zafi kuma suna kasancewa sabo kusan duk shekara. Tushen amfanin gona da ganye ( saman) dabbobin gida ne suke ci da son rai, don haka ana noman rutabaga a matsayin abinci da amfanin gona.
Karas (Daucus sativus (Hoffm.) Roehl) tsiro ne na shekaru biyu daga dangin Orchidaceae wanda shine amfanin gona mai kima mai kima, tushen amfanin gonarsa yana cin kowane nau'in dabbobi da kaji. An haifi nau'in karas na musamman na fodder, wanda aka bambanta da manyan tushen girma kuma, saboda haka, yawan amfanin ƙasa. Ba kawai tushen amfanin gona ba, har ma da ganyen karas ana amfani da su don abinci. Tushen karas ya ƙunshi busassun busassun 10-19%, gami da furotin har zuwa 2,5% da sukari 12%. A sugars samar da dadi dandano na karas Tushen. Bugu da kari, tushen amfanin gona ya ƙunshi pectin, bitamin C (har zuwa 20 MG%), B1, B2, B6, E, K, P, PP, calcium, phosphorus, iron, cobalt, boron, chromium, jan karfe, aidin da sauran abubuwan ganowa. abubuwa. Amma babban taro na launin carotene a cikin tushen (har zuwa 37 MG%) yana ba da darajar musamman ga karas. A cikin mutane da dabbobi, carotene yana canza shi zuwa bitamin A, wanda sau da yawa yakan rasa. Don haka, cin karas yana da fa'ida sosai ba don abubuwan gina jiki ba, amma saboda yana samarwa jiki da kusan dukkanin bitamin da yake buƙata.
turnip (Brassica rapa L.) ana shuka shi don amfanin gonar sa mai ci. Naman tushen amfanin gona yana da ɗanɗano, rawaya ko fari, tare da ɗanɗano mai daɗi na musamman. Sun ƙunshi daga 8 zuwa 17% busassun kwayoyin halitta, ciki har da 3,5-9%. Sugars, wanda aka wakilta galibi ta hanyar glucose, har zuwa 2% furotin danyen, 1.4% fiber, 0,1% mai, da 19-73 MG% ascorbic acid (bitamin C), 0,08-0,12 mg% thiamine. bitamin B1), dan kadan riboflavin (bitamin B2), carotene (provitamin A), nicotinic acid (bitamin PP), salts na potassium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium, sulfur. Man mustard da ke cikinsa yana ba da ƙamshi na musamman da ɗanɗano mai daɗi ga tushen turnip. A cikin hunturu, ana adana amfanin gona na tushen a cikin cellars da cellars. Ana tabbatar da mafi kyawun adanawa a cikin duhu a zazzabi na 0 ° zuwa 1 ° C, musamman idan an yayyafa tushen tushen da busassun yashi ko guntun peat. Turnip stern kotunan ana kiransa turnips. Ba kawai tushen amfanin gona ake ciyar da, amma kuma turnip ganye.
Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L. subsp. esculenta Guerke), tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara daga dangin haze, yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun abincin abinci. Tushen amfanin gona na iri daban-daban sun bambanta da siffar, girman, launi. Yawanci tushen amfanin gona na gwoza tebur bai wuce nauyin rabin kilogram ba tare da diamita na 10-20 cm. Bangaren tushen amfanin gona ya zo a cikin nau'ikan inuwa iri-iri na ja da ja. Bar tare da farantin igiya-ovate da kuma tsayin petioles. Petiole da tsakiyar jijiya yawanci tsananin burgundy ne a launi, sau da yawa duk ruwan ganye ja-kore ne.
Duk saiwoyi da ganyaye da 'ya'yan itatuwansu ana cinye su. Tushen amfanin gona ya ƙunshi 14-20% busassun kwayoyin halitta, ciki har da 8-12,5% sugars, wakilta yafi sucrose, 1-2,4% danyen furotin, game da 1,2% pectin, 0,7% fiber, da kuma har zuwa 25 MG na ascorbic acid (bitamin C), bitamin B1, B2, P da PP, malic, tartaric, lactic acid, salts na potassium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium. A cikin petioles na gwoza, abun ciki na bitamin C ya fi girma a cikin tushen amfanin gona - har zuwa 50 MG.
Beets kuma sun dace saboda tushen amfanin gonakin su, idan aka kwatanta da sauran kayan lambu, an bambanta su ta hanyar haske mai kyau - ba sa lalacewa na dogon lokaci a lokacin ajiya na dogon lokaci, ana adana su cikin sauƙi har sai bazara, wanda ya ba su damar ciyar da su sabo ne kusan dukkanin. shekara zagaye. Ko da yake sun zama masu tauri da tauri a lokaci guda, wannan ba matsala ba ce ga rodents, suna son cin kowane beets.
Don dalilai na abinci, an ƙirƙiri nau'ikan beets na musamman. Launi na tushen gwoza fodder ya bambanta sosai - daga kusan fari zuwa rawaya mai zafi, orange, ruwan hoda da ja. An ƙaddara darajar abincin su ta hanyar abun ciki na 6-12% sukari, wani adadin furotin da bitamin.
Tushen da tuber amfanin gona, musamman a lokacin sanyi, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ciyar da dabbobi. Tushen amfanin gona ( turnips, beets, da dai sauransu) ya kamata a ba da danye a cikin yankakken tsari; an riga an tsabtace su daga ƙasa kuma an wanke su.
Ana shirya kayan lambu da tushen amfanin gona don ciyarwa kamar haka: suna warwarewa, zubar da ruɓaɓɓen jini, ɓawon burodi, amfanin gona mara launi, kuma cire ƙasa, tarkace, da sauransu, sannan a yanke wuraren da abin ya shafa da wuka, a wanke a yanka a kananan ƙananan.
Gourds - kabewa, zucchini, kankana fodder - sun ƙunshi ruwa mai yawa (90% ko fiye), sakamakon abin da gaba ɗaya darajar sinadiran su ba ya da yawa, amma dabbobi suna cinye su da son rai. Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L var, giromontia Duch.) shine amfanin gona mai kyau. Ana shuka shi don 'ya'yan itatuwa. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun isa kasuwa (na fasaha) cikakke kwanaki 40-60 bayan germination. A cikin yanayin girma na fasaha, fatar zucchini yana da taushi sosai, naman yana da ɗanɗano, fari, kuma har yanzu ba a rufe tsaba da harsashi mai wuya ba. Bangaren 'ya'yan itacen squash ya ƙunshi daga 4 zuwa 12% busassun kwayoyin halitta, gami da 2-2,5% sugars, pectin, 12-40 MG% ascorbic acid (bitamin C). Daga baya, lokacin da 'ya'yan itatuwan squash suka kai ga girma na ilimin halitta, ƙimar su mai gina jiki ya ragu sosai, saboda naman yana rasa juiciness kuma ya zama kusan kusan tauri kamar haushi na waje, wanda Layer na nama na inji - sclerenchyma - tasowa. Cikakkun 'ya'yan itatuwa na zucchini sun dace kawai don abincin dabbobi. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Cucumbers masu dacewa da ilimin halitta sune ovaries masu kwanaki 6-15. Launinsu a yanayin kasuwanci (watau ba cikakke ba) kore ne, tare da cikar cikar halitta sun zama rawaya, launin ruwan kasa ko fari. Cucumbers ƙunshi daga 2 zuwa 6% busassun kwayoyin halitta, ciki har da 1-2,5% sugars, 0,5-1% danyen furotin, 0,7% fiber, 0,1% mai, kuma har zuwa 20 MG% carotene (provitamin A). ), bitamin B1, B2, wasu abubuwa masu alama (musamman aidin), salts calcium (har zuwa 150 MG), sodium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, da dai sauransu. Ya kamata a ambaci musamman game da cucurbitacin glycoside da ke cikin kokwamba. Yawancin lokaci ba mu lura da shi ba, amma a lokuta inda wannan abu ya taru, kokwamba ko sassansa, mafi yawan lokuta na kyallen takarda, ya zama mai ɗaci, maras amfani. 94-98% na taro na kokwamba ruwa ne, sabili da haka, darajar sinadirai na wannan kayan lambu yana da ƙasa. Kokwamba yana inganta mafi kyawun sha na sauran abinci, musamman, yana inganta haɓakar mai. 'Ya'yan itãcen wannan shuka sun ƙunshi enzymes waɗanda ke ƙara yawan ayyukan bitamin B.
Koren abinci ga aladun Guinea
Alade na Guinea cikakken masu cin ganyayyaki ne, don haka koren abinci shine tushen abincinsu. Don bayani game da abin da ganye da tsire-tsire za a iya amfani da su azaman abinci mai kore don aladu, karanta labarin.
Za ka iya kuma son
Irin aladun Guinea tare da hotuna da sunaye
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