Shire irin
Tarihin irin
Dokin Shire, wanda aka haifa a Ingila, ya samo asali ne tun lokacin da Romawa suka mamaye Foggy Albion kuma yana daya daga cikin tsofaffin nau'o'in daftarin da aka haifa cikin tsarki. Gaskiya game da asalin jinsin Shire ya ษace a zamanin da, kamar yadda yake da yawancin nau'o'in.
Duk da haka, an san cewa a cikin ฦarni na XNUMX AD, masu cin nasara na Romawa sun yi mamakin ganin manyan dawakai na wancan lokacin a tsibirin Biritaniya. Manyan karusai na yaki sun yi ta tururuwa zuwa ga rundunonin sojojin Roma - manyan dawakai ne kawai za su iya yin irin wannan motsa jiki.
Ana iya samun dangantaka mafi kusa kuma mafi aminci a tsakanin Shires tare da abin da ake kira "babban doki" na tsakiyar zamanai (Babban Doki), wanda ya zo Ingila tare da sojojin William the Conqueror (XI karni). "Babban Doki" na iya ษaukar wani jarumi mai sulke, wanda nauyinsa, tare da sirdi da cikakken makamai, ya wuce 200 kg. Irin wannan doki wani abu ne kamar tanki mai rai.
Makomar Shires tana da alaฦa da tarihin Ingila. Gwamnatin kasar ta yi ta kokarin kara girma da adadin dawakai. A cikin karni na XVI. har ma da yawa Ayyukan Manzanni an karbe su haramta yin amfani da kiwo na dawakai kasa da 154 cm a bushes, kazalika da hana duk wani fitarwa na dawakai.
Ana daukar kakan kakanin Shire na zamani a matsayin doki mai suna Makaho Doki daga Packington (Dokin Makaho na Packington). Shi ne wanda aka jera a matsayin doki na farko na jinsin Shire a cikin littafin Shire Stud na farko.
Kamar sauran nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan sun inganta ta hanyar kwararar jini daga wasu nau'ikan, dawakan Flemish na arewacin Jamus daga Belgium da Flanders sun bar wata alama ta musamman a cikin nau'in. Mai kiwon doki Robert Bakewill ya yi tasiri sosai ga Shire ta hanyar zubar da jinin mafi kyawun dawakan Dutch - Friesians.
Anyi amfani da Shires wajen kiwo sabon nau'in dawakai - manyan manyan motoci na Vladimir.
Siffofin na waje na irin
Dawakan wannan nau'in suna da tsayi. Shires suna da girma sosai: manyan kantuna sun kai tsayin 162 zuwa 176 cm a bushes. Mares da geldings ba su da yawa kaษan. Koyaya, da yawa daga cikin mafi kyawun wakilan nau'in sun kai 185 cm a bushewa. Nauyin - 800-1225 kg. Suna da katon kai mai faffadan goshi, in mun gwada da girma, faffadan saiti da idanu masu bayyanawa, bayanin martaba kadan (Roman), kunnuwa masu matsakaicin girma tare da tukwici masu kaifi. Shortan gajere, madaidaiciyar wuyansa, kafadu na tsoka, gajere, mai ฦarfi baya, croup mai faษi da tsayi, wutsiya madaidaiciya madaidaiciya, ฦafafu masu ฦarfi, wanda a ciki akwai babban girma daga carpal da hock gidajen abinci - "friezes" , kofato suna da girma da ฦarfi.
Kwat da wando yawanci bay, duhu bay, baki (black), karak (dark bay with tan) da kuma launin toka.
Mahayin kan wannan doki mai ban sha'awa yana jin daษi sosai, kamar akan gado mai laushi. Bugu da ฦari, yawancin manyan motoci masu nauyi suna da tafiya mai laushi. Amma ba abu ne mai sauฦi ba a ษaga irin wannan kyakkyawan mutum a cikin gallop, da kuma dakatar da shi daga baya.
Dawakan Shire suna da nutsuwa da daidaito. Saboda haka, ana amfani da shire sau da yawa don yin haye da wasu dawakai don ฦarewa da ฦดaฦดa masu biyayya.
Aikace-aikace da nasarori
A yau, 'yan shire ba za su iya tunawa da "yakin da suka yi a baya" ba a faretin sojojin dawakan fadar Mai Martaba Sarki: 'yan ganduje suna hawa manyan dawakai masu launin toka, kuma abin sha'awa, tunda hannun masu ganga suna shagaltuwa, suna sarrafa shirensu da ฦafafu - an ษaure ragama. zuwa takalmansu.
A cikin karni na XNUMX, waษannan dawakai sun fara amfani da su don aiki tuฦuru a gonaki.
Da bacewar gasa da jarumai dauke da muggan makamai, an kai kakannin dokin Shire aikin dakon kaya, suna jan kekuna a kan muggan hanyoyi da garma a kan gonakin manoma. Litattafan tarihin wancan lokacin sun ambaci dawakai masu iya ษaukar nauyin tan uku da rabi a kan wata mummunar hanya, wadda ta lalace.
Shirye-shiryen sun kasance kuma har yanzu masu sana'ar sayar da giya na birni suna amfani da su a cikin kekunan barasa masu salo a cikin gasa da kuma noma.
A shekara ta 1846, an haifi wani babban baฦo a Ingila. Don girmama gwarzo na Littafi Mai Tsarki, an ba shi suna Samson, amma lokacin da dokin ya zama babba kuma ya kai tsayin 219 cm a bushewar, an sake masa suna Mammoth. A karkashin wannan laฦabin, ya shiga tarihin kiwon dawakai a matsayin doki mafi tsayi da aka taษa yi a duniya.
Ga kuma wani misali. A yau a Birtaniya akwai wani doki Shire mai suna Cracker. Yana da ษan ฦasa da Mammoth a girmansa. A cikin bushes, wannan kyakkyawan mutum yana da 195 cm. Amma idan ya ษaga kansa, to ฦwanฦarar kunnuwansa sun kai kusan mita biyu da rabi. Ya yi nauyi fiye da ton (kilogram 1200) kuma yana cin abinci daidai da haka - yana bukatar kilogiram 25 na ciyawa a kowace rana, wanda ya ninka kusan sau uku fiye da matsakaicin matsakaicin doki.
ฦarfi na ban mamaki na Shire da tsayinsa ya ba su damar kafa tarihin duniya da dama. Musamman, dawakai na Shire sune zakara a hukumance wajen daukar iya aiki. A cikin watan Afrilun 1924, a wani babban baje koli a Wembley, an yi amfani da Shires 2 zuwa na'urar dinamometer kuma an yi amfani da wani ฦarfi na kusan tan 50. Dawakai iri ษaya a cikin jirgin ฦasa (jirgin ฦasa ฦungiyar dawakai ne da aka yi amfani da su bibbiyu ko ษaya a jere), suna tafiya tare da dutsen dutse, haka kuma, shimfidar ฦasa mai santsi, ta motsa kaya mai nauyin ton 18,5. Wani mai suna Shire gelding mai suna Vulkan ya yi tagumi a wannan wasan kwaikwayo, wanda ya ba shi damar motsa kaya mai nauyin ton 29,47.
