Manyan manyan malam buɗe ido 10 a duniya

Ɗaya daga cikin umarni mafi yawa shine malam buɗe ido ko, kamar yadda ake kira, Lepidoptera. Kalma "Butterfly" An samo daga Proto-Slavic "Kaka" wanda ma'ana kaka, tsohuwa. A da can, kakanninmu sun gaskata cewa waɗannan kwari su ne rayukan matattu.

Akwai nau'ikan malam buɗe ido sama da 158, amma masana kimiyya sun nuna cewa kusan adadin (har zuwa dubu 100) ba a san su ba tukuna a kimiyyar, watau bincike da yawa da za a yi. Kawai a kan ƙasa na kasar mu rayu 6 jinsunan.

A yau za mu yi magana game da manyan malam buɗe ido a duniya, girman su, wurin zama da kuma tsawon rayuwa.

10 Madagascar comet

Wannan babban malam buɗe ido ne mai tsawon fuka-fuki na 140 zuwa 189 mm. Ana iya ganin hotonta akan kudin kasar Madagascar. Mata suna girma musamman manya, waɗanda suka fi maza girma da girma.

Madagascar comet, kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, yana zaune a cikin dazuzzukan dazuzzuka masu zafi na Madagascar. Yana da launin rawaya mai haske, amma a kan fuka-fuki akwai "ido" launin ruwan kasa tare da dige baki, da kuma launin ruwan kasa-baki a saman fikafikan.

Wadannan malam buɗe ido ba sa cin komai kuma suna ciyar da sinadarai masu gina jiki waɗanda suka tara a matsayin katapillars. Saboda haka, suna rayuwa ne kawai kwanaki 4-5. Amma mace tana kula da kwanciya daga 120 zuwa 170 qwai. Wannan nau'in malam buɗe ido daga dangin dawisa-ido yana da sauƙin haifuwa a cikin bauta.

9. Ornithoptera creso

Wata malam buɗe ido ce ta dangin Sailboat. Ya samu suna don girmama Sarkin Lidiya - Croesus. Tana da fikafikai masu mahimmanci: a cikin mutum - har zuwa 160 mm, kuma a cikin mace mafi girma - har zuwa mm 190.

Masu bincike sun yi magana akai-akai game da kyawun ban mamaki Ornithoptery cress. Masanin halitta Alfrel Wallace ya rubuta cewa ba za a iya bayyana kyawunta da kalmomi ba. Da ya samu ya kamo ta sai ya kusa suma saboda tashin hankali.

Maza suna da launin orange-rawaya a launi, suna da "saka" baki a kan fuka-fukan su. A ƙarƙashin haske na musamman, da alama fuka-fukan suna haskaka kore-rawaya. Mata ba su da kyau sosai: launin ruwan kasa, tare da launin toka mai launin toka, akwai alamu mai ban sha'awa a kan fuka-fuki.

Kuna iya saduwa da waɗannan malam buɗe ido a Indonesiya, a tsibirin Bachan, nau'ikansa suna kan wasu tsibiran tsibiran Moluccas. Saboda sare dazuzzuka, dazuzzuka masu zafi na iya bacewa. Sun fi son zama a wurare masu fadama.

8. trogonoptera trojan

Wannan malam buɗe ido kuma na dangin Sailboat ne. Ana iya fassara sunanta da “asali daga Troy“. Tsawon fuka-fuki yana daga 17 zuwa 19 cm. Mata za su iya zama daidai da girman maza, ko ɗan girma.

A cikin maza trogonoptera trojan baƙar fata fuka-fuki, a cikin mata suna da launin ruwan kasa. A gaban fuka-fuki na namiji akwai aibobi masu haske masu kyan gani. Kuna iya saduwa da wannan kyakkyawa a tsibirin Palawan, a cikin Philippines. Yana cikin haɗari, amma masu tarawa ne ke haifar da shi a cikin bauta.

7. Troides Hippolyte

A Kudancin Asiya, zaku iya samun wannan babban malam buɗe ido na wurare masu zafi daga dangin Sailboat. Yawancin su suna da fuka-fuki har zuwa 10-15 cm, amma akwai musamman manyan samfurori waɗanda suka girma har zuwa 20 cm. Suna da launin baki ko baki-launin ruwan kasa, na iya zama launin toka, ashy, tare da filayen rawaya a kan fuka-fukan hind. Kuna iya samun shi a cikin Moluccas.

Caterpillars na wannan malam buɗe ido suna ciyar da ganyen tsire-tsire na kirkazon mai guba. Su da kansu suna ci nectar, suna shawagi bisa fure. Suna da jirgi mai santsi, amma mai sauri.

Troides Hippolyte guje wa dazuzzukan dazuzzuka, ana iya samun su a kan gangaren bakin teku. Yana da matukar wuya a kama wadannan majestic malam buɗe ido, saboda. ta boye a cikin rawanin bishiyoyi, m 40 daga ƙasa. Duk da haka, ’yan asalin da ke samun kuɗi a kan wannan nau’in malam buɗe ido, bayan da suka sami kuɗaɗen ciyarwa, suka gina katangar katanga masu yawa, suna kallon yadda ’yan ƙwari ke yin ɗimbin kuɗaɗe, sannan kuma su tattara malam buɗe ido da suka ɗan shimfiɗa fikafikansu.

6. Ornithoptera goliaf

Daya daga cikin manyan malam buɗe ido na gidan Sailboat shine Ornithoptera goliaf. Ta sami sunanta don girmama Goliath mai girma na Littafi Mai Tsarki, wanda ya taɓa yin yaƙi da sarkin Isra’ila na gaba, Dauda.

Ana iya samuwa a cikin Moluccas, kusa da bakin tekun New Guinea. Babban kyawawan malam buɗe ido, fuka-fukin wanda a cikin maza ya kai 20 cm, a cikin mata - daga 22 zuwa 28 cm.

Launi na maza shine rawaya, kore, baki. Matan mata ba su da kyau sosai: suna da launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa, tare da haske mai haske da kuma iyakar launin toka-rawaya a kan ƙananan fuka-fuki. Butterflies suna rayuwa a cikin dazuzzuka masu zafi. An fara gano su a cikin 1888 daga masanin ilimin halittar Faransa Charles Oberthure.

5. Jirgin ruwa antimach

Na dangin jirgin ruwa ne. Ana la'akari da ita mafi girman malam buɗe ido a Afirka a girman, saboda. samu a wannan nahiyar. Ya sami sunansa don girmama dattijon Antimachus, zaku iya koya game da shi daga tatsuniyoyi na Ancient Girka.

Tsawon fuka-fukinsa yana daga 18 zuwa 23 cm, amma a wasu mazan yana iya kaiwa cm 25. Launi shine ocher, wani lokacin orange da ja-rawaya. Akwai tabo da ratsi a kan fuka-fuki.

An gano shi a cikin 1775 ta Bature Smithman. Ya aika da namijin wannan malam buɗe ido zuwa Landan, sanannen masanin ilimin halitta Drew Drury. Ya yi cikakken bayanin wannan malam buɗe ido, ciki har da shi a cikin aikinsa "Entomology", wanda aka buga a 1782.

Jirgin ruwa antimach ya fi son gandun daji na wurare masu zafi, ana iya samun maza a kan tsire-tsire masu fure. Mata suna ƙoƙari su tsaya kusa da saman bishiyoyi, da wuya su sauko ko tashi zuwa sararin samaniya. Duk da cewa an rarraba shi kusan ko'ina cikin Afirka, yana da wuya a same shi.

4. Peacock ido atlas

Kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, na dangin Peacock-eye ne. An ba shi suna bayan gwarzo na tarihin Girkanci - Atlas. A cewar almara, shi wani titan ne wanda ya rike sama a kafadunsa.

Peacock ido atlas Ya burge da girmansa: fikafikan fuka-fuki har zuwa 25-28 cm. Wannan malam buɗe ido ne. Yana da launin ruwan kasa, ja, rawaya ko ruwan hoda a launi, akwai "windows" masu haske a kan fuka-fuki. Mace ta fi namiji girma dan kadan. Caterpillars suna kore, suna girma zuwa 10 cm.

Ana iya samun ido na peacock-atlas a kudu maso gabashin Asiya, a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi, yana tashi ko dai da yamma ko da sassafe.

3. Peacock-ido hercules

Asu da ba kasafai ba, kuma na dangin Peacock-eye. An dauke shi mafi girma a Ostiraliya. Tsawon fuka-fukinsa na iya zuwa har zuwa cm 27. Yana da manyan fuka-fuki masu fadi da yawa, kowannensu yana da tabo mai “ido”. Musamman bambanta da girman mace.

Ana iya samuwa a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi a Ostiraliya (a cikin Queensland) ko a Papua New Guinea. Masanin ilimin halittar dan kasar Ingila William Henry Miskin ne ya fara bayanin Hercules mai idon Peacock. Wannan ya kasance a cikin 1876. Matar ta lays 80 zuwa 100 qwai, daga abin da bluish-kore caterpillars fito, za su iya girma har zuwa 10 cm.

2. Sarauniya Alexandra's Birdwing

Ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan malam buɗe ido wanda kusan kowane mai tarawa ke mafarkin. Ita ce malam buɗe ido na rana daga dangin Sailfish. Mata sun fi maza girma dan kadan, fikafikan su ya kai cm 27. Gidan tarihin tarihi na London yana da samfurin da ke da tsawon fikafikai 273 mm.

Sarauniya Alexandra's birdwings nauyi har zuwa 12 g. Fuka-fukan suna da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu tare da farin, rawaya ko launin kirim. Maza sun fi ƙanƙanta kaɗan, fikafikan su ya kai cm 20, shuɗi da kore. Caterpillars - har zuwa 12 cm a tsayi, kauri - 3 cm.

Kuna iya saduwa da wannan nau'in malam buɗe ido a New Guinea, a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi. Ya zama nakasassu, tk. a cikin 1951, fashewar Dutsen Lamington ya lalata babban yanki na mazauninsu. Yanzu ba za a iya kama shi a sayar ba.

1. Tizania agrippina

Babban malam buɗe ido na dare, mai ban sha'awa a girmansa. Tizania agrippina fari ko launin toka mai launin toka, amma fuka-fukansa suna lullube da kyakkyawan tsari. Ƙarƙashin fuka-fukan yana da duhu launin ruwan kasa mai launin fari, yayin da a cikin maza yana da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi.

Tsawon fuka-fukinsa yana daga 25 zuwa 31 cm, amma bisa ga wasu kafofin, bai wuce 27-28 cm ba. Yana da yawa a Amurka da Mexico.