Manyan sturgeons 10 mafi girma a duniya

An dauki dangin sturgeon a matsayin nau'in kifi mai mahimmanci. A cewar masana kimiyya, ƙarni na farko ya bayyana shekaru miliyan 80 da suka wuce - a zamanin prehistoric. A hankali, saboda ayyukan ɗan adam, yawan jama'a yana ƙaruwa, don haka yawancin kifin da ke cikin dangin "sturgeon" suna da kariya sosai.

Sturgeons, wanda akwai nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in sturgeons), zaɓin gishiri, ruwan teku don rayuwa, amma sun fi son spawn a cikin ruwa mai tsabta. Har ila yau, suna da siffar siffar - jikin dukan kifaye na cikin rukuni na "sturgeon" yana da tsawo, kuma matsakaicin nauyin wadannan mazaunan teku mai zurfi ya kai 20 kg!

Mun kawo hankalinku manyan sturgeons 10 mafi girma a duniya.

10 Stelet

Nauyin manya: Kilogiram 20.

Kasancewar gezawa akan eriya shine abin da ya bambanta Stelet daga 'yan'uwansu. Bugu da kari, ta kan kai balaga da wuri fiye da sauran. Ya fi son ruwa mai dadi don rayuwa, yana son cin leech, tsutsa, da kuma invertebrates, sau da yawa - kifi soya.

A matsayinka na mai mulki, girman girma ba ya wuce 25 kg. Yana zaune a cikin Tekun Baltic, Black, Caspian da Azov.

Sterlet ya bambanta da launi dangane da mazauninsa, amma har yanzu ana iya bambanta babban launi - shi ne baya mai launin toka da kuma ciki mai launin rawaya. Sterlet yana da kaifi- hanci kuma mai kaifi- hanci. Yana da halayyar dogon eriya, ƙari, kifin yana da hanci elongated mai ban sha'awa, kamar yadda kuke gani a hoto.

9. farin sturgeon

Nauyin manya: Kilogiram 20.

White (Aka Californian) sturgeon yana da siriri da siffa mai tsayi. Ba ta da ma'auni, kamar duk kifin "sturgeon". A cikin yanayin mai son, mutane har zuwa kilogiram 20 sun fi rinjaye, amma ana samun samfurori mafi girma.

Sturgeon na California ya fi son rafukan da ke gudana a hankali. Farin sturgeon kifi ne na ƙasa, yana ciyarwa kuma yana rayuwa a zurfin zurfi. Kamun kifi ba tare da kulawa ba ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa adadin sturgeon a cikin kwandon tsakiya ya ragu da kashi 70%. Gwamnatocin Amurka da Kanada suna ɗaukar matakai don dawo da yawan sturgeon.

8. Rasha sturgeon

Nauyin manya: Kilogiram 25.

Abin baƙin ciki, Rasha sturgeon kusa da bacewa. Yana zaune a cikin manyan koguna, misali, Kuban da Volga (spawns a can), da kuma a cikin teku: Caspian, Black da Azov.

Tsutsotsi da crustaceans abinci ne ga sturgeon na Rasha, kuma bai taɓa ƙi cin kifi ba. Cikinsa haske ne, kuma gefuna suna da launin toka, baya a cikin jiki duka shine mafi duhu.

A cikin wurin zama na halitta, wakilin "sturgeon" zai iya yin hulɗa tare da sterlet ko stellate sturgeon. Yana da sauƙin fahimtar nau'in nau'in kifin wannan kifi, antennae na sturgeon ba ya girma a kusa da bakin, amma kusa da hanci, ƙari, yana faruwa cewa nauyin babba ya kai 120 kg.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: da zarar an kama wani katon sturgeon a cikin Volga - ya kai tsayin 7 m 80 cm, kuma yana auna kimanin 1440 kg!

7. Adriatic sturgeon

Nauyin manya: Kilogiram 25.

Adriatic sturgeon nasa ne na nau'in da ba kasafai ba kuma ba a yi nazari ba. A halin yanzu, yana da wuya sosai a cikin Tekun Adriatic, nau'in yana yiwuwa kusan bacewa, saboda haka an jera shi a cikin IUCN Red List.

Hukumomin gwamnati na kokarin dawo da jama'a. Masanin ilimin halittu na Faransa Charles Lucien Bonaparte (1836-1803) ya fara bayyana Adriatic sturgeon a cikin 1857.

A cikin teku, yana zaune a zurfin har zuwa 40 m, yana manne da sassan pre-estuary na rivulets. Matsakaicin adadin da aka rubuta na Adriatic sturgeon ya kasance 200 cm, kuma nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 25. Abincin kifi ya haɗa da ƙananan kifaye da invertebrates.

6. kore sturgeon

Nauyin manya: Kilogiram 25.

kore sturgeon (In ba haka ba Pacific) - daya daga cikin manyan wakilan kifi na "sturgeon" a Arewacin Amirka. Da shekaru 18, sturgeon ya riga ya auna kilo 25. An kwatanta shi da saurin girma, da kuma tsawon rayuwa na shekaru 60.

Wannan nau'in ba a san shi ba, ban da haka, har kwanan nan, masana kimiyya sunyi la'akari da shi bace. Da gaske an lalata shi ta hanyar wayewa, amma, yana da kyau a yi farin ciki, sturgeon yana raye kuma yana ci gaba da yaƙi!

A Rasha, koren sturgeon ya zama ruwan dare a Sakhalin, da kuma a cikin Primorye. Sau da yawa ana samunsu a kogin Datta. An nuna hancinsa da tsawo. Baya yawanci launin zaitun ne, amma akwai daidaikun mutane da launin kore mai duhu.

5. Siberian sturgeon

Nauyin manya: Kilogiram 34.

Siberian sturgeon – kifin da ya dade yana rayuwa, a matsakaita ya kai shekara 50. Yana zaune a cikin ƙanana da manyan koguna na Siberiya. Yana girma a hankali, a hankali yana samun nauyi har zuwa 25-35 kg.

Siberian sturgeon, kamar sauran wakilai na dangin sturgeon, yana da eriya mai sifa akan chin sa. Bakin kifin yana juyowa, babu hakora. An bambanta shi da sauran nau'in iyali ta hanyar kai mai kai da rakers, kama da fan a siffar.

Yana ciyar da kwari, tsutsa, kuma ba ya ƙi cin mollusks da kifi. Yana jagorantar salon rayuwa. Idan sturgeon na Siberiya ya ketare tare da sterlet, to, za a haifi matasan - wuta.

4. Amur sturgeon

Nauyin manya: Kilogiram 37.

Amur sturgeon (Aka shrenka) dangi ne ga sturgeon na Siberiya. Bai yi sa'a ba kamar yadda wasu nau'ikan "sturgeon" suke - yana kusa da bacewa kuma, ba shakka, an jera shi a cikin Littafin Jaja.

Ya bambanta da sauran nau'ikan a cikin ginshiƙan ƙwayar cuta, ƙaramin baki, kuma ba shi da faranti tsakanin kwari. Yana zaune ne kawai a cikin Amur a yankin daga baki zuwa Argun. Ya fara haifuwa tun yana ɗan shekara 14.

Shrenka yana ciyar da crustaceans, mayflies, soya da tsutsa. Yana faruwa cewa sturgeon ya kai kilogiram 80. Kimanin rabin tsayin jiki an tanada don hanci. Amur sturgeon ya fi son ruwa mai gudana da sauri.

3. Stellate sturgeon

Nauyin manya: Kilogiram 90.

Stellate sturgeon - dangi na kusa da ƙaya kuma babu ƙarancin kifi mai ban sha'awa - sterlet. Yana da jiki mai elongated. Ya bambanta da sauran wakilan dangin "sturgeon" ta hanyar ƙwanƙwasa - shugaban sturgeon yana kwance zuwa tip. Hankali shine kashi 70% na tsawon kai. Baya yana da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, kusan baki, yayin da bangarorin suka fi haske.

Nauyin manyan mutane wani lokacin ya kai kilogiram 90 (mafi girman nauyi ga Danube). Stellate sturgeon ya fi kowa a cikin Black, Azov, da Caspian Seas. Yana rayuwa kusan shekaru 30. Abincin stellate sturgeon ya hada da tsutsotsi, soya da crustaceans daban-daban.

2. sturgeon na kasar Sin

Nauyin manya: Kilogiram 200.

A cewar masana kimiyya, sturgeon na kasar Sin yana cikin nau'in "mafi tsufa", kuma ya wanzu a duniya kimanin shekaru miliyan 140 da suka wuce. Yana zaune a cikin tekun kasar Sin da ke bakin teku kuma jihar tana kiyaye shi saboda barazanar bacewa (don kama sturgeon na kasar Sin, an yanke hukunci mai tsanani - ɗaurin kurkuku har zuwa shekaru 20).

Bayan ya balaga, sturgeon ya yi ƙaura zuwa koguna. Mafi sau da yawa ana samunsu a kogin Zhujiang da Yangtze. sturgeon na kasar Sin yana daya daga cikin manyan nau'in kifi na ruwa - nauyinsu zai iya kaiwa 200, 500 kg.

1. Atlantic sturgeon

Nauyin manya: Kilogiram 250.

A Rasha Atlantic sturgeon Ana iya samuwa a cikin ruwa na yankin Kaliningrad. A cikin ƙasashe da yawa, tana ƙarƙashin tsauraran kariyar ƙasa, saboda. babban wakilin dangin sturgeon yana kusa da bacewa.

Ana iya gane sturgeon na Atlantic ta bayyanarsa - idanunsa suna cikin babban ɓangaren kai, suna da girma a girman, kuma kai yana da tsawo.

Tsarin jiki yayi kama da shark. Kifi suna ciyar da yawancin rayuwarsu a cikin ruwa na bakin teku. Tsawon rayuwa na sturgeon zai iya kai shekaru 100.