Nephritis a cikin kuliyoyi: bayyanar cututtuka da magani
Contents
Ya kodan
Kodan suna yin ayyuka da yawa masu mahimmanci a cikin jiki: suna tace jini, cire gubobi daga fitsari, daidaita matakin electrolytes, calcium, glucose, phosphorus, shiga cikin hematopoiesis da daidaita matsa lamba. Saboda haka, nephritis yana da haɗari, sau da yawa cuta mai tsanani.
A cikin mummunan nau'in cutar, lalacewar koda yana faruwa da sauri kuma idan babu wani takamaiman bayyanar cututtuka na waje.
Tsarin na yau da kullun na iya zama asymptomatic na dogon lokaci. A matsayinka na mai mulki, har sai aikin koda ya ragu sosai, kuma rikitarwa suna tasowa: ƙãra ƙishirwa da urination, rage yawan ci da nauyi, anemia, hauhawar jini (ƙara matsa lamba).
Nau'in Jade
Dangane da yanayin yanayin cutar, an bambanta su:
M nephritis - tasowa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar daban-daban pathological dalilai: sunadarai (ethylene glycol), shuke-shuke (lilies), da kwayoyi da suke da yiwuwar guba ga kodan (aminoglycosides, nonsteroidal anti-kumburi kwayoyi, fosfomycin).
Har ila yau, mummunan lalacewar koda na iya faruwa a bayan wasu yanayi masu tsanani: sepsis, asarar jini, rashin ruwa mai mahimmanci, rauni, da dai sauransu.
Na kullum nephritis – Yafi kowa a cikin manya manya. Cutar za a iya ci gaba da bango na tsawaita hauhawar jini, oncological matakai (lymphoma), m (maimaitawa) cututtuka: pyelonephritis, urolithiasis (urolithiasis), cystitis (kumburi daga cikin mafitsara).
Dalilin irin wannan nephritis na iya zama cututtuka na haihuwa. Alal misali, cutar polycystic a cikin Farisa, m, British shorthair, Scottish fold (da madaidaiciya) kuliyoyi, amyloidosis a cikin kuliyoyi na Abyssinia.
Ba tare da la'akari da tsarin da ciwon koda ya fara ba, duk aikinsa zai shafi, saboda. duk sassan koda suna da alaƙa da juna. Amma bisa ga localization na pathological tsari (yankin da rauni), za mu iya sharadi gwargwado:
pyelonephritis – Kwayar cuta ce ke haifar da ita. Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙashin ƙugu da parenchyma na sashin jiki suna shiga cikin tsarin kumburi. Kwayoyin cuta za su iya shiga cikin koda ta hanyar ureters (siraran bututu masu haɗa koda da mafitsara) daga ƙananan urinary fili ko ta hanyar jini. Pyelonephritis na iya haɓaka na biyu zuwa wasu cututtuka, irin su cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na yau da kullun (cututtukan cutar sankarar jini ko rashin ƙarfi), ciwon sukari.
Interstitial nephritis (fibrosis) - tare da irin wannan cuta a cikin kuliyoyi, an shafe parenchyma. Akwai dalilai masu yawa na pathological waɗanda zasu iya haifar da wannan: ƙwayoyin cuta, cututtukan hoto, cututtuka na yau da kullun (ciwon sukari mellitus, hyperthyroidism, da sauransu). A hankali, ana maye gurbin nama mai aiki na al'ada na kodan ta hanyar fibrous nama - mai yawa, wanda ba ya aiki. Koda yana raguwa a girman, raguwa.
Tubulointertitial nephritis - canje-canje na yau da kullun a cikin parenchyma na kodan da tsarin tubular (jijiyoyi, tacewa) a ƙarƙashin tasirin abubuwa daban-daban, wani lokacin ba a sani ba. Mafi na kowa a cikin tsofaffin kuliyoyi. Yana iya tasowa a kan bangon baya canjawa wuri m nephritis.
glomerulonephritis – kumburi da glomeruli – tacewa jijiyoyi glomeruli na kodan. A cikin kuliyoyi, cutar tana faruwa ba da daɗewa ba kuma yawanci ana danganta shi da cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na yau da kullun: cutar sankarar bargo na feline, ƙarancin ƙarancin feline, peritonitis na hoto.
tubular necrosis - yana haifar da mutuwar tubules masu tacewa - tubules a cikin tsarin koda. Mafi sau da yawa lalacewa ta hanyar guba da guba: lilies, ethylene glycol.
Hydronephrosisis – pathological distension na renal ƙashin ƙugu saboda take hakki na fitar da fitsari daga koda. Dalili kuwa shine toshewar fitsari tare da kalkule (dutse), gudan jini. Har ila yau, dalilin toshewa na iya zama neoplasm na koda da kyallen takarda a kusa da ureter, rauni, kuskuren tiyata yayin aiki a cikin rami na ciki.
Alamun
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, babban haɗari na nephritis a cikin kuliyoyi shine rashin wani takamaiman bayyanar cututtuka na waje ko kuma a hankali, ci gaban da ba a iya fahimta ba a farkon matakin cutar.
A cikin m hanya, an lura: rashin tausayi, ƙin cin abinci, amai, zazzabi. A cikin yanayin lalacewar koda mai tsanani, za a iya samun raguwar samar da fitsari (oliguria) ko tsayawa gaba daya (anuria).
Abin takaici, a lokuta da yawa tare da mummunan rauni na koda, cat ya shiga cikin asibitin riga a mataki lokacin da lalacewar ƙwayar koda ba ta iya canzawa ba, yawan rayuwa na irin waɗannan marasa lafiya ya ragu.
A cikin wani tsari na yau da kullum, ana lura da wadannan sau da yawa: ƙãra ƙishirwa da urination, asarar nauyi, ci abinci, amai lokaci-lokaci, maƙarƙashiya, rage yawan aiki. A mafi yawan lokuta, a cikin ciwon daji na yau da kullum, masu mallakar suna kula da alamun bayyanar kawai lokacin da suka bayyana, wanda ke nufin cewa yawancin ƙwayoyin koda ba su da aiki.
kanikancin
Don gano cutar nephritis a cikin cat, ana buƙatar adadin karatu:
Gwajin jini na biochemical don urea, creatinine, phosphorus, electrolytes. Yana taimakawa wajen fahimtar aikin koda.
Ana buƙatar gwajin jini na asibiti na gaba ɗaya don gano kumburi da anemia (raguwa a cikin adadin jajayen jini) - rikicewar cuta ta yau da kullun.
SDMA bincike ne wanda hanya ce ta farko don tantance aikin koda fiye da creatinine, saboda. matakinsa yana tashi a cikin jini a baya. Ana amfani da shi azaman hanyar ƙarin ko ganewar asali na nephritis a farkon matakai na kwas na yau da kullun.
Duban dan tayi na tsarin urinary. Wajibi ne don ƙima na gani na tsarin kodan da gano canje-canjensa.
Analysis na fitsari. Ana buƙatar tantance aikin koda. Binciken fitsari don rabon furotin/creatinine yana bayyana asarar furotin ta hanyar kodan.
Idan ana zargin cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, irin su pyelonephritis, ana iya buƙatar al'adar fitsari.
Tonometry. Ma'auni na matsa lamba ya zama dole don ware hauhawar jini, wanda zai iya tasowa a baya na yanayin wannan cuta, da sauran cututtuka. Babban matsi mara kyau yana shafar kwakwalwa, idanu, zuciya, koda kuma yana haifar da lalacewa.
Jiyya na nephritis a cikin kuliyoyi
A cikin mummunan rauni na koda, wani muhimmin mataki zai kasance don tattara anamnesis ( tarihin likita) don fahimtar dalilin cutar. A wasu lokuta, kamar guba na ethylene glycol, yana yiwuwa a gudanar da maganin rigakafi (antidote). Ana kula da dabbobi masu fama da ciwon koda a asibiti, saboda. Waɗannan su ne marasa lafiya waɗanda ke buƙatar kulawar likita akai-akai.
A cikin yanayin nephritis mai tsanani a cikin cat, ana amfani da hemodialysis a matsayin ma'auni na gaggawa - hanyar da aka tsarkake jini daga toxins tare da kayan aiki na musamman, kuma koda a wannan lokacin yana da damar da za a sake dawowa.
Kayan aikin hemodialysis a cikin kuliyoyi na musamman ne kuma ana samun su ne kawai a wasu manyan cibiyoyin kiwon lafiyar dabbobi a ƙasar.
Har ila yau, ana ba dabbar jiko, ana gudanar da magungunan antiemetic, kuma an daidaita ma'auni na electrolyte.
Pyelonephritis yana buƙatar maganin rigakafi. Yawanci ana zaɓar maganin rigakafi bisa al'adar fitsari.
A cikin cututtukan cututtuka na yau da kullum, magani zai dogara ne akan mataki na tsari. Ana aiwatar da matakan warkewa da rigakafi masu zuwa: gyaran abinci mai gina jiki, matakin phosphorus a cikin jini tare da taimakon ƙari na musamman, ma'aunin ruwa da electrolyte, da raguwar asarar furotin ta hanyar kodan. Ana kuma gyara anemia da hauhawar jini.
rigakafin
Amintaccen muhalli: kar a bar sinadarai na gida, magunguna masu yuwuwar guba a isar cat.
Ka guji kewayon kyauta.
Kada ku yi amfani da magungunan da ke da haɗari ga kuliyoyi: aminoglycosides, wasu magungunan anti-inflammatory marasa steroidal, fosfomycin, da dai sauransu.
Kada ka ƙyale cat ya shiga hulɗa da tsire-tsire na cikin gida da furanni a cikin bouquets.
A lokaci guda gano da kuma bi da cututtuka na ƙananan urinary fili: cystitis, urolithiasis, urethritis.
A cikin kuliyoyi sama da shekaru 10, gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na rigakafi na yau da kullun sau 1-2 a shekara tare da kimanta aikin koda: duban dan tayi, gwajin jini don urea, creatinine, urinalysis na asibiti na gabaɗaya.
Jade a cikin kuliyoyi - babban abu
Nephritis wani kumburi ne na koda a cikin kuliyoyi. Yana iya zama m da na kullum.
A al'ada, nephritis za a iya raba bisa ga yankin na koda lalacewa: glomerulonephritis, tubular necrosis, da dai sauransu tsarin na koda ne inseparably nasaba da juna, da pathological tsari iya yada zuwa ga dukan gabobin.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da nephritis mai tsanani sau da yawa suna da guba a yanayi; suna da alaƙa da cin abubuwan nephrotoxic (mai guba ga kodan) cikin jiki. Sauran abubuwan da ke haifar da mummunan rauni na koda za su kasance: toshe hanyoyin fitsari ta hanyar duwatsu, lalacewar ƙwayoyin cuta ga koda, zub da jini, ƙarancin bushewa, da sauransu.
Alamun m nephritis yawanci sun haɗa da: rashin tausayi, ƙin cin abinci, amai, zazzabi. A lokuta masu tsanani, raguwa ko rashin fitsari.
Nau'in cutar na kullum yana tasowa a hankali. Alamomin da ke faruwa akai-akai zasu kasance: asarar nauyi, ƙãra ƙishirwa da fitsari, rage cin abinci, amai lokaci-lokaci, maƙarƙashiya.
Ganewar ciwon nephritis yana da rikitarwa kuma ya haɗa da: duban dan tayi na koda da mafitsara, urinalysis, gwajin jini na asibiti gabaɗaya da biochemical, ma'aunin matsa lamba.
Jiyya na m nephritis a cikin kuliyoyi ya dogara ne akan yiwuwar kawar da gubobi da hemodialysis. Hakanan ana yin maganin jiko, kawar da amai, gyaran electrolytes da phosphorus.
Jiyya na cututtukan cututtuka na kullum ya dogara da mataki na tsari kuma ya haɗa da gyaran abinci, ma'auni na ruwa, electrolytes, phosphorus, hauhawar jini, anemia.
Sources:
Elliot D, Groer G. Nephrology da Urology a Dogs da Cats, 2014
Upperurinarytractinfections (pyelonephritis), ISCAID 2019 // The Veterinary Journal, (Pyelonephritis na karnuka da kuliyoyi - daga Jagororin ISCAID, Fassara ta Vasiliev AV), 2019.
Chandler EA, Gaskell RM, Gaskell KJ Cututtuka na kuliyoyi, 2011
Gary D. Norsworthy ne ya gyara shi. Mai haƙuri na feline, bugu na biyar, (Mai haƙuri Cat, bugu na biyar), 2018
Tsirrai masu guba. Tsire-tsire masu guba // Source: www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants.
